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By Rabbi Waylon Angel
Mattityahu 5:17-20
Think not that I am come to weaken or destroy the Torah, or the
neviim: I have not come to weaken, or destroy, but to completely reveal
it in its intended fullness. For truly I say to you, Until the current
shamayim(heaven) and earth pass away, not one yid, or one nekudah shall
by any means pass from the Torah, until all be fulfilled. Whoever
therefore shall break, or weaken one of the least Torah commandments and
shall teach men so, he shall be called least in the malchut ha shamayim:
but whoever shall do and teach the commands, the same shall be called
great in the malchut ha shamayim.
Those are Yeshua's words translated from the true text and speak volumes
about how Christians are mislead and are misleading others.
Obey the Torah and listen to the voice of Yahweh.
The following is a brief listing of the 613
commandments, as recorded and classified by Maimonides in the 12th
century. This listing is taken from his classic compendium of Jewish
law, the "Mishneh Torah," which contains 14 primary "books" or sections.
This list should not be used as a source for any
practical Halachic ruling. There are differences of opinion over the
applicability today of some commandments in this list. Similarly,
distinctions must often be made between rabbinically-decreed
commandments and those that still have binding force as Torah-law today.
In all cases of doubt, a competent rabbinical authority should be
consulted.
This list is reprinted from the book, "Bible
Basics," a user-friendly, illustrated reference guide to the Five
Books of Moses. (Published by International Traditions Corporation,
Jerome S. Hahn, General Editor.)
COMMANDMENT SOURCE
BOOK ONE: THE BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE
|
Fundamentals of Torah: |
|
1 |
To know there is a God |
Ex. 20:2 |
|
2 |
Not to entertain thoughts of other gods
besides Him |
Ex.
20:3 |
|
3 |
To know that He is one |
Deut. 6:4 |
|
4 |
To love Him |
Deut. 6:5 |
|
5 |
To fear Him |
Deut. 10:20 |
|
6 |
To sanctify His Name |
Lev. 22:32 |
|
7 |
Not to profane His Name |
Lev. 22:32 |
|
8 |
Not to destroy objects associated with His
Name |
Deut. 12:4 |
|
9 |
To listen to the prophet speaking in His
Name |
Deut. 18:15 |
|
10 |
Not to test the prophet unduly |
Deut. 6:16 |
|
Laws of Character |
|
11 |
To emulate His ways |
Deut. 28:9 |
|
12 |
To cleave to those who know Him |
Deut. 10:20 |
|
13 |
To love Jews |
Lev. 19:18 |
|
14 |
To love converts |
Deut. 10:19 |
|
15 |
Not to hate fellow Jews |
Lev. 19:17 |
|
16 |
To reprove |
Lev. 19:17 |
|
17 |
Not to embarrass others |
Lev. 19:17 |
|
18 |
Not to oppress the weak |
Ex. 21:22 |
|
19 |
Not to speak derogatorily of others |
Lev. 19:16 |
|
20 |
Not to take revenge |
Lev. 19:18 |
|
21 |
Not to bear a grudge |
Lev. 19:18 |
|
Laws of Torah Study |
|
22 |
To learn Torah |
Deut. 6:7 |
|
23 |
To honor those who teach and know Torah |
Lev. 19:32 |
|
Laws of Idolatry and Paganism |
|
24 |
Not to inquire into idolatry |
Lev. 19:4 |
|
25 |
Not to follow the whims of your heart or
what your eyes see |
Num. 15:39 |
|
26 |
Not to blaspheme |
Ex. 22:27 |
|
27 |
Not to worship idols in the manner they are
worshiped |
Ex. 20:5 |
|
28 |
Not to worship idols in the four ways we
worship God |
Ex. 20:5 |
|
29 |
Not to make an idol for yourself |
Ex. 20:4 |
|
30 |
Not to make an idol for others |
Lev. 19:4 |
|
31 |
Not to make human forms even for decorative
purposes |
Ex. 20:20 |
|
32 |
Not to turn a city to idolatry |
Ex. 23:13 |
|
33 |
To burn a city that has turned to idol
worship |
Deut. 13:17 |
|
34 |
Not to rebuild it as a city |
Deut. 13:17 |
|
35 |
Not to derive benefit from it |
Deut. 13:18 |
|
36 |
Not to missionize an individual to idol
worship |
Deut. 13:12 |
|
37 |
Not to love the missionary |
Deut. 13:9 |
|
38 |
Not to cease hating the missionary |
Deut. 13:9 |
|
39 |
Not to save the missionary |
Deut. 13:9 |
|
40 |
Not to say anything in his defense |
Deut. 13:9 |
|
41 |
Not to refrain from incriminating him |
Deut. 13:9 |
|
42 |
Not to prophesize in the name of idolatry |
Deut. 13:14 |
|
43 |
Not to listen to a false prophet |
Deut. 13:4 |
|
44 |
Not to prophesize falsely in the name of
God |
Deut. 18:20 |
|
45 |
Not to be afraid of killing the false
prophet |
Deut. 18:22 |
|
46 |
Not to swear in the name of an idol |
Ex. 23:13 |
|
47 |
Not to perform ov (medium) |
Lev. 19:31 |
|
48 |
Not to perform yidoni (magical seer) |
Lev. 19:31 |
|
49 |
Not to pass your children through the fire
to Molech |
Lev. 18:21 |
|
50 |
Not to erect a column in a public place of
worship |
Deut. 16:22 |
|
51 |
Not to bow down on smooth stone |
Lev. 26:1 |
|
52 |
Not to plant a tree in the Temple courtyard |
Deut. 16:21 |
|
53 |
To destroy idols and their accessories |
Deut. 12:2 |
|
54 |
Not to derive benefit from idols and their
accessories |
Deut. 7:26 |
|
55 |
Not to derive benefit from ornaments of
idols |
Deut. 7:25 |
|
56 |
Not to make a covenant with idolaters |
Deut. 7:2 |
|
57 |
Not to show favor to them |
Deut. 7:2 |
|
58 |
Not to let them dwell in our land |
Ex. 23:33 |
|
59 |
Not to imitate them in customs and clothing |
Lev. 20:23 |
|
60 |
Not to be superstitious |
Lev. 19:26 |
|
61 |
Not to go into a trance to foresee events,
etc. |
Deut. 18:10 |
|
62 |
Not to engage in astrology |
Lev. 19:26 |
|
63 |
Not to mutter incantations |
Deut. 18:11 |
|
64 |
Not to attempt to contact the dead |
Deut. 18:11 |
|
65 |
Not to consult the ov |
Deut. 18:11 |
|
66 |
Not to consult the yidoni |
Deut. 18:11 |
|
67 |
Not to perform acts of magic |
Deut. 18:10 |
|
68 |
Men must not shave the hair off the sides
of their head |
Lev. 19:27 |
|
69 |
Men must not shave their beards with a
razor |
Lev. 19:27 |
|
70 |
Men must not wear women's clothing |
Deut. 22:5 |
|
71 |
Women must not wear men's clothing |
Deut. 22:5 |
|
72 |
Not to tattoo the skin |
Lev. 19:28 |
|
73 |
Not to tear the skin in mourning |
Deut. 14:1 |
|
74 |
Not to make a bald spot in mourning |
Deut. 14:1 |
|
Laws of Repentance |
|
75 |
To repent and confess wrongdoings |
Num. 5:7 |
BOOK TWO: THE BOOK OF LOVE OF GOD
|
Laws of Reading the Shema |
|
76 |
To say the Shema twice daily |
Deut. 6:7 |
|
Laws of Prayer and Kohanic Blessings |
|
77 |
To serve the Almighty with prayer daily |
Ex. 23:25 |
|
78 |
The Kohanim must bless the Jewish nation
daily |
Num. 6:23 |
|
Laws of Tefillin, Mezuza and Sefer Torah |
|
79 |
To wear tefillin on the head |
Deut. 6:8 |
|
80 |
To bind tefillin on the arm |
Deut. 6:8 |
|
81 |
To put a mezuzah on each door post |
Deut. 6:9 |
|
82 |
Each male must write a Sefer Torah |
Deut. 31:19 |
|
83 |
The king must have a separate Sefer Torah
for himself |
Deut. 17:18 |
|
Laws of Tzitzit |
|
84 |
To have tzitzit on four-cornered garments |
Num. 15:38 |
|
Laws of Blessings |
|
85 |
To bless the Almighty after eating |
Deut. 8:10 |
|
Laws of Circumcision |
|
86 |
To circumcise all males on the eighth day
after their birth |
Lev. 12:3 |
BOOK THREE: THE BOOK OF SEASONS
|
Laws of the Sabbath |
|
87 |
To rest on the seventh day |
Ex. 23:12 |
|
88 |
Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh
day |
Ex. 20:10 |
|
89 |
The court must not inflict punishment on
Shabbat |
Ex. 35:3 |
|
90 |
Not to walk outside the city boundary on
Shabbat |
Ex. 16:29 |
|
91 |
To sanctify the day with Kiddush and
Havdallah |
Ex. 20:8 |
|
Laws of Eruvin (Rabbinical) |
|
Laws of Yom Kippur Rest |
|
92 |
To rest from prohibited labor |
Lev. 23:32 |
|
93 |
Not to do prohibited labor on Yom Kippur |
Lev. 23:32 |
|
94 |
To afflict yourself on Yom Kippur |
Lev. 16:29 |
|
95 |
Not to eat or drink on Yom Kippur |
Lev. 23:29 |
|
Laws of Festival Rest |
|
96 |
To rest on the first day of Passover |
Lev. 23:7 |
|
97 |
Not to do prohibited labor on the first day
of Passover |
Lev. 23:8 |
|
98 |
To rest on the seventh day of Passover |
Lev. 23:8 |
|
99 |
Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh
day of Passover |
Lev. 23:8 |
|
100 |
To rest on Shavuot |
Lev. 23:21 |
|
101 |
Not to do prohibited labor on Shavuot |
Lev. 23:21 |
|
102 |
To rest on Rosh Hashana |
Lev. 23:24 |
|
103 |
Not to do prohibited labor on Rosh Hashana |
Lev. 23:25 |
|
104 |
To rest on Sukkot |
Lev. 23:35 |
|
105 |
Not to do prohibited labor on Sukkot |
Lev. 23:35 |
|
106 |
To rest on Shmini Atzeret |
Lev. 23:36 |
|
107 |
Not to do prohibited labor on Shmini
Atzeret |
Lev. 23:36 |
|
Laws of Chometz and Matzah |
|
108 |
Not to eat chametz on the afternoon of the
14th day of Nissan |
Deut. 16:3 |
|
109 |
To destroy all chametz on 14th day of
Nissan |
Ex. 12:15 |
|
110 |
Not to eat chametz all seven days of
Passover |
Ex. 13:3 |
|
111 |
Not to eat mixtures containing chametz all
seven days of Passover |
Ex. 12:20 |
|
112 |
Not to see chametz in your domain seven
days |
Ex. 13:7 |
|
113 |
Not to find chametz in your domain seven
days |
Ex. 12:19 |
|
114 |
To eat matzah on the first night of
Passover |
Ex. 12:18 |
|
115 |
To relate the exodus from Egypt on that
night |
Ex. 13:8 |
|
Laws of Shofar, Sukkah, Lulav |
|
116 |
To hear the Shofar on the first day of
Tishrei (Rosh Hashana) |
Num. 29:1 |
|
117 |
To dwell in a Sukkah for the seven days of
Sukkot |
Lev. 23:42 |
|
118 |
To take up a Lulav and Etrog all seven days |
Lev. 23:40 |
|
Laws of Shekalim |
|
119 |
Each man must give a half shekel annually |
Ex. 30:13 |
|
Laws of Sanctification of Months |
|
120 |
Courts must calculate to determine when a
new month begins |
Ex. 12:2 |
|
Laws of Fasts |
|
121 |
To afflict and cry out before God in times
of catastrophe |
Num. 10:9 |
|
Laws of Megillah and Chanukah (Rabbinical) |
BOOK FOUR: THE BOOK OF WOMEN
|
Laws of Marriage |
|
122 |
To marry a wife by means of ketubah and
kiddushin |
Deut. 22:13 |
|
123 |
Not to have relations with women not thus
married |
Deut. 23:18 |
|
124 |
Not to withhold food, clothing, and
relations from your wife |
Ex. 21:10 |
|
125 |
To have children with one's wife |
Gen 1:28 |
|
Laws of Divorce |
|
126 |
To issue a divorce by means of a "get"
document |
Deut. 24:1 |
|
127 |
A man must not remarry his wife after she
has married someone else |
Deut. 24:4 |
|
Laws of Yivum and Chalitzah (Levirate Marriage) |
|
128 |
To do yibum (marry childless
brother's widow) |
Deut. 25:5 |
|
129 |
To do chalitzah (freeing a widow
from yibum) |
Deut. 25:9 |
|
130 |
The widow must not remarry until the ties
with her brother-in-law
are removed |
Deut. 25:5 |
|
Laws of Women |
|
131 |
The court must fine one who seduces a
maiden |
Ex. 22:15-16 |
|
132 |
The rapist must marry the maiden (if she
chooses) |
Deut. 22:29 |
|
133 |
He is not allowed to divorce her |
Deut. 22:29 |
|
134 |
The slanderer must remain married to his
wife |
Deut. 22:19 |
|
135 |
He must not divorce her |
Deut. 22:19 |
|
Laws of Sotah (Suspect Wife) |
|
136 |
To fulfill the laws of the Sotah |
Num. 5:30 |
|
137 |
Not to put oil on her meal offering |
Num. 5:15 |
|
138 |
Not to put frankincense on her meal
offering |
Num. 5:15 |
BOOK FIVE: THE BOOK OF HOLINESS
|
Laws of Forbidden Relations |
|
139 |
Not to have relations with your mother |
Lev. 18:7 |
|
140 |
Not to have relations with your father's
wife |
Lev. 18:8 |
|
141 |
Not to have relations with your sister |
Lev. 18:9 |
|
142 |
Not to have relations with your father's
wife's daughter |
Lev. 18:11 |
|
143 |
Not to have relations with your son's
daughter |
Lev. 18:10 |
|
144 |
Not to have relations with your daughter |
Lev. 18:10 |
|
145 |
Not to have relations with your daughter's
daughter |
Lev. 18:10 |
|
146 |
Not to have relations with a woman and her
daughter |
Lev. 18:17 |
|
147 |
Not to have relations with a woman and her
son's daughter |
Lev. 18:17 |
|
148 |
Not to have relations with a woman and her
daughter's daughter |
Lev. 18:17 |
|
149 |
Not to have relations with your father's
sister |
Lev. 18:12 |
|
150 |
Not to have relations with your mother's
sister |
Lev. 18:13 |
|
151 |
Not to have relations with your father's
brother's wife |
Lev. 18:14 |
|
152 |
Not to have relations with your son's wife |
Lev. 18:15 |
|
153 |
Not to have relations with your brother's
wife |
Lev. 18:16 |
|
154 |
Not to have relations with your wife's
sister |
Lev. 18:18 |
|
155 |
A man must not have relations with a beast |
Lev. 18:23 |
|
156 |
A woman must not have relations with a
beast |
Lev. 18:23 |
|
157 |
Not to have homosexual relations |
Lev. 18:22 |
|
158 |
Not to have homosexual relations with your
father |
Lev. 18:7 |
|
159 |
Not to have homosexual relations with your
father's brother |
Lev. 18:14 |
|
160 |
Not to have relations with a married woman |
Lev. 18:20 |
|
161 |
Not to have relations with a menstrually
impure woman |
Lev. 18:19 |
|
162 |
Not to marry non-Jews |
Deut. 7:3 |
|
163 |
Not to let Moabite and Ammonite males marry
into the Jewish people |
Deut. 23:4 |
|
164 |
Don't keep a third generation Egyptian
convert from marrying
into the Jewish people |
Deut. 23:8-9 |
|
165 |
Not to refrain from marrying a third
generation
Edomite convert |
Deut. 23:8-9 |
|
166 |
Not to let a mamzer marry into the
Jewish people |
Deut. 23:3 |
|
167 |
Not to let a eunuch marry into the Jewish
people |
Deut. 23:2 |
|
168 |
Not to castrate any male (including
animals) |
Lev. 22:24 |
|
169 |
The High Priest must not marry a widow |
Lev. 21:14 |
|
170 |
The High Priest must not have relations
with a widow even outside of marriage |
Lev. 21:15 |
|
171 |
The High Priest must marry a virgin maiden |
Lev. 21:13 |
|
172 |
A Kohen must not marry a divorcee |
Lev. 21:7 |
|
173 |
A Kohen must not marry a zonah (a
woman who had forbidden relations) |
Lev. 21:7 |
|
174 |
A priest must not marry a chalalah
(party to or product of 169-172) |
Lev. 21:7 |
|
175 |
Not to make pleasurable contact with any
forbidden woman |
Lev. 18:6 |
|
Laws of Forbidden Foods |
|
176 |
To examine the signs of animals to
distinguish between kosher and non-kosher |
Lev. 11:2 |
|
177 |
To examine the signs of fowl to distinguish
between kosher
and non-kosher |
Deut. 14:11 |
|
178 |
To examine the signs of fish to distinguish
between kosher and non-kosher |
Lev. 11:9 |
|
179 |
To examine the signs of locusts to
distinguish between kosher and non-kosher |
Lev. 11:21 |
|
180 |
Not to eat non-kosher animals |
Lev. 11:4 |
|
181 |
Not to eat non-kosher fowl |
Lev. 11:13 |
|
182 |
Not to eat non-kosher fish |
Lev. 11:11 |
|
183 |
Not to eat non-kosher flying insects |
Deut. 14:19 |
|
184 |
Not to eat non-kosher creatures that crawl
on land |
Lev. 11:41 |
|
185 |
Not to eat non-kosher maggots |
Lev. 11:44 |
|
186 |
Not to eat worms found in fruit on the
ground |
Lev. 11:42 |
|
187 |
Not to eat creatures that live in water
other than fish |
Lev. 11:43 |
|
188 |
Not to eat the meat of an animal that died
without ritual slaughter |
Deut. 14:21 |
|
189 |
Not to benefit from an ox condemned to be
stoned |
Ex. 21:28 |
|
190 |
Not to eat meat of an animal that was
mortally wounded |
Ex. 22:30 |
|
191 |
Not to eat a limb torn off a living
creature |
Deut 12:23 |
|
192 |
Not to eat blood |
Lev. 3:17 |
|
193 |
Not to eat certain fats of clean animals |
Lev. 3:17 |
|
194 |
Not to eat the sinew of the thigh |
Gen. 32:33 |
|
195 |
Not to eat meat and milk cooked together |
Ex. 23:19 |
|
196 |
Not to cook meat and milk together |
Ex. 34:26 |
|
197 |
Not to eat bread from new grain before the
Omer |
Lev. 23:14 |
|
198 |
Not to eat parched grains from new grain
before the Omer |
Lev. 23:14 |
|
199 |
Not to eat ripened grains from new grain
before the Omer |
Lev. 23:14 |
|
200 |
Not to eat fruit of a tree during its first
three years |
Lev. 19:23 |
|
201 |
Not to eat diverse seeds planted in a
vineyard |
Deut. 22:9 |
|
202 |
Not to eat untithed fruits |
Lev. 22:15 |
|
203 |
Not to drink wine poured in service to
idols |
Deut. 32:38 |
|
Laws of Slaughtering |
|
204 |
To ritually slaughter an animal before
eating it |
Deut. 12:21 |
|
205 |
Not to slaughter an animal and its
offspring on the same day |
Lev. 22:28 |
|
206 |
To cover the blood (of a slaughtered beast
or fowl) with earth |
Lev. 17:13 |
|
207 |
Not to take the mother bird from her
children |
Deut. 22:6 |
|
208 |
To release the mother bird if she was taken
from the nest |
Deut. 22:7 |
BOOK SIX: THE BOOK OF OATHS
|
Laws of Oaths |
|
209 |
Not to swear falsely in God's Name |
Lev. 19:12 |
|
210 |
Not to take God's Name in vain |
Ex. 20:7 |
|
211 |
Not to deny possession of something
entrusted to you |
Lev. 19:11 |
|
212 |
Not to swear in denial of a monetary claim |
Lev. 19:11 |
|
213 |
To swear in God's Name to confirm the truth
when deemed necessary by court |
Deut. 10:20 |
|
Laws of Vows |
|
214 |
To fulfill what was uttered and to do what
was avowed |
Deut. 23:24 |
|
215 |
Not to break oaths or vows |
Num. 30:3 |
|
216 |
For oaths and vows annulled, there are the
laws of
annulling vows explicit in the Torah |
Num. 30:3 |
|
Laws of The Nazir |
|
217 |
The Nazir must let his hair grow |
Num. 6:5 |
|
218 |
He must not cut his hair |
Num. 6:5 |
|
219 |
He must not drink wine, wine mixtures, or
wine vinegar |
Num. 6:3 |
|
220 |
He must not eat fresh grapes |
Num. 6:3 |
|
221 |
He must not eat raisins |
Num. 6:3 |
|
222 |
He must not eat grape seeds |
Num. 6:4 |
|
223 |
He must not eat grape skins |
Num. 6:4 |
|
224 |
He must not be under the same roof as a
corpse |
Num. 6:6 |
|
225 |
He must not come into contact with the dead |
Num. 6:7 |
|
226 |
He must shave after bringing sacrifices
upon
completion of his Nazirite period |
Num. 6:9 |
|
Laws of Estimated Values and Vows |
|
227 |
To estimate the value of people as
determined by the Torah |
Lev. 27:2 |
|
228 |
To estimate the value of consecrated
animals |
Lev. 27:12-13 |
|
229 |
To estimate the value of consecrated houses |
Lev. 27:14 |
|
230 |
To estimate the value of consecrated fields |
Lev. 27:16 |
|
231 |
Carry out the laws of interdicting
possessions (cherem) |
Lev. 27:28 |
|
232 |
Not to sell the cherem |
Lev. 27:28 |
|
233 |
Not to redeem the cherem |
Lev. 27:28 |
BOOK SEVEN: THE BOOK OF SEEDS
|
Laws of Mixed Species |
|
234 |
Not to plant diverse seeds together |
Lev. 19:19 |
|
235 |
Not to plant grains or greens in a vineyard |
Deut. 22:9 |
|
236 |
Not to crossbreed animals |
Lev. 19:19 |
|
237 |
Not to work different animals together |
Deut. 22:10 |
|
238 |
Not to wear sha'atnez, a cloth woven of
wool and linen |
Deut. 22:11 |
|
Laws of Gifts to the Poor |
|
239 |
To leave a corner of the field uncut for
the poor |
Lev. 19:10 |
|
240 |
Not to reap that corner |
Lev. 19:9 |
|
241 |
To leave gleanings |
Lev. 19:9 |
|
242 |
Not to gather the gleanings |
Lev. 19:9 |
|
243 |
To leave the gleanings of a vineyard |
Lev. 19:10 |
|
244 |
Not to gather the gleanings of a vineyard |
Lev. 19:10 |
|
245 |
To leave the unformed clusters of grapes |
Lev. 19:10 |
|
246 |
Not to pick the unformed clusters of grapes |
Lev. 19:10 |
|
247 |
To leave the forgotten sheaves in the field |
Deut. 24:19 |
|
248 |
Not to retrieve them |
Deut. 24:19 |
|
249 |
To separate the tithe for the poor |
Deut. 14:28 |
|
250 |
To give charity |
Deut. 15:8 |
|
251 |
Not to withhold charity from the poor |
Deut. 15:7 |
|
252 |
To set aside Trumah Gedolah (tithe
for the Kohen) |
Deut. 18:4 |
|
253 |
The Levite must set aside a tenth of his
tithe |
Num. 18:26 |
|
254 |
Not to preface one tithe to the next, but
separate them in
their proper order |
Ex. 22:28 |
|
255 |
A non-Kohen must not eat Trumah |
Lev. 22:10 |
|
256 |
A hired worker or a Jewish bondsman of a
Kohen must
not eat Trumah |
Lev. 22:10 |
|
257 |
An uncircumcised Kohen must not eat
Trumah |
Ex.12:48 |
|
258 |
An impure Kohen must not eat Trumah |
Lev. 22:4 |
|
259 |
A chalalah must not eat Trumah |
Lev. 22:12 |
|
Laws of Ma'aser |
|
260 |
To set aside Ma'aser each planting
year and give it to a Levite |
Num. 18:24 |
|
Laws of The Second Tithe and Fourth Year Produce |
|
261 |
To set aside the second tithe (Ma'aser
Sheni) |
Deut. 14:22 |
|
262 |
Not to spend its redemption money on
anything but
food, drink, or ointment |
Deut. 26:14 |
|
263 |
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni while
impure |
Deut. 26:14 |
|
264 |
A mourner on the first day after death must
not eat Ma'aser Sheni |
Deut. 26:14 |
|
265 |
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni grains
outside Jerusalem |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
266 |
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni wine
products outside Jerusalem |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
267 |
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni oil outside
Jerusalem |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
268 |
The fourth year crops must be totally for
holy
purposes like Ma'aser Sheni |
Lev. 19:24 |
|
269 |
To read the confession of tithes every
fourth and seventh year |
Deut. 26:13 |
|
Laws of First Fruits and other Kohanic Gifts |
|
270 |
To set aside the first fruits and bring
them to the Temple |
Ex. 23:19 |
|
271 |
The Kohanim must not eat the first fruits
outside Jerusalem |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
272 |
To read the Torah portion pertaining to
their presentation |
Deut. 26:5 |
|
273 |
To set aside a portion of dough for a Kohen |
Num. 15:20 |
|
274 |
To give the shoulder, two cheeks, and
stomach of slaughtered animals
to a Kohen |
Deut. 18:3 |
|
275 |
To give the first sheering of sheep to a
Kohen |
Deut. 18:4 |
|
276 |
To redeem the firstborn sons and give the
money to a Kohen |
Num. 18:15 |
|
277 |
To redeem the firstborn donkey by giving a
lamb to a Kohen |
Ex. 13:13 |
|
278 |
To break the neck of the donkey if the
owner does not intend to redeem it |
Ex. 13:13 |
|
Laws of The Sabbatical and Jubilee Years |
|
279 |
To rest the land during the seventh year by
not doing any
work which enhances growth |
Ex. 34:21 |
|
280 |
Not to work the land during the seventh
year |
Lev. 25:4 |
|
281 |
Not to work with trees to produce fruit
during that year |
Lev. 25:4 |
|
282 |
Not to reap crops that grow wild that year
in the normal manner |
Lev. 25:5 |
|
283 |
Not to gather grapes which grow wild that
year in the normal way |
Lev. 25:5 |
|
284 |
To leave free all produce which grew in
that year |
Ex. 23:11 |
|
285 |
To release all loans during the seventh
year |
Deut. 15:2 |
|
286 |
Not to pressure or claim from the borrower |
Deut. 15:2 |
|
287 |
Not to refrain from lending immediately
before the release of
the loans for fear of monetary loss |
Deut. 15:9 |
|
288 |
The Sanhedrin must count seven groups of
seven years |
Lev. 25:8 |
|
289 |
The Sanhedrin must sanctify the fiftieth
year |
Lev. 25:10 |
|
290 |
To blow the Shofar on the tenth of Tishrei
to free the slaves |
Lev. 25:9 |
|
291 |
Not to work the soil during the fiftieth
year |
Lev. 25:11 |
|
292 |
Not to reap in the normal manner that which
grows
wild in the fiftieth year |
Lev. 25:11 |
|
293 |
Not to pick grapes which grew wild in the
normal
manner in the fiftieth year |
Lev. 25:11 |
|
294 |
Carry out the laws of sold family
properties |
Lev. 25:24 |
|
295 |
Not to sell the land in Israel indefinitely |
Lev. 25:23 |
|
296 |
Carry out the laws of houses in walled
cities |
Lev. 25:29 |
|
297 |
The Tribe of Levi must not be given a
portion of the land in Israel,
rather they are given cities to dwell in |
Deut. 18:1 |
|
298 |
The Levites must not take a share in the
spoils of war |
Deut. 18:1 |
|
299 |
To give the Levites cities to inhabit and
their surrounding fields |
Num. 35:2 |
|
300 |
Not to sell the fields but they shall
remain the Levites' before and
after the Jubilee year |
Lev. 25:34 |
BOOK EIGHT: THE BOOK OF SERVICE
|
Laws of The Temple |
|
301 |
To build a Sanctuary |
Ex. 25:8 |
|
302 |
Not to build the altar with stones hewn by
metal |
Ex. 20:22 |
|
303 |
Not to climb steps to the altar |
Ex. 20:23 |
|
304 |
To show reverence to the Temple |
Lev. 1930 |
|
305 |
To guard the Temple area |
Num. 18:2 |
|
306 |
Not to leave the Temple unguarded |
Num. 18:5 |
|
Laws of Temple Vessels and Employees |
|
307 |
To prepare the anointing oil |
Ex. 30:31 |
|
308 |
Not to reproduce the anointing oil |
Ex. 30:32 |
|
309 |
Not to anoint with anointing oil |
Ex. 30:32 |
|
310 |
Not to reproduce the incense formula |
Ex. 30:37 |
|
311 |
Not to burn anything on the Golden Altar
besides incense |
Ex. 30:9 |
|
312 |
The Levites must transport the ark on their
shoulders |
Num. 7:9 |
|
313 |
Not to remove the staves from the ark |
Ex. 25:15 |
|
314 |
The Levites must work in the Temple |
Num. 18:23 |
|
315 |
No Levite must do another's work of either
a Kohen or a Levite |
Num. 18:3 |
|
316 |
To dedicate the Kohen for service |
Lev. 21:8 |
|
317 |
The kohanic work shifts must be equal
during holidays |
Deut. 18:6-8 |
|
318 |
The Kohanim must wear their priestly
garments during service |
Ex. 28:2 |
|
319 |
Not to tear the priestly garments |
Ex. 28:32 |
|
320 |
The breastplate must not be loosened from
the Efode |
Ex. 28:28 |
|
Laws of Entering the Temple |
|
321 |
A Kohen must not enter the Temple
intoxicated |
Lev. 10:9 |
|
322 |
A Kohen must not enter the Temple with long
hair |
Lev. 10:6 |
|
323 |
A Kohen must not enter the Temple with torn
clothes |
Lev. 10:6 |
|
324 |
A Kohen must not enter the Temple
indiscriminately |
Lev. 16:2 |
|
325 |
A Kohen must not leave the Temple during
service |
Lev. 10:7 |
|
326 |
To send the impure from the Temple |
Num. 5:2 |
|
327 |
Impure people must not enter the Temple |
Num. 5:3 |
|
328 |
Impure people must not enter the Temple
Mount area |
Deut. 23:11 |
|
329 |
Impure Kohanim must not do service in the
temple |
Lev. 22:2 |
|
330 |
An impure Kohen, following immersion, must
wait until after sundown before returning to service |
Lev. 22:7 |
|
331 |
A Kohen must wash his hands and feet before
service |
Ex. 30:19 |
|
332 |
A Kohen with a physical blemish must not
enter the sanctuary or approach the altar |
Lev. 21:23 |
|
333 |
A Kohen with a physical blemish must not
serve |
Lev.21:17 |
|
334 |
A Kohen with a temporary blemish must not
serve |
Lev. 21:17 |
|
335 |
One who is not a Kohen must not serve |
Num. 18:4 |
|
Laws of Restrictions Concerning Sacrifices |
|
336 |
To offer only unblemished animals |
Lev. 22:21 |
|
337 |
Not to dedicate a blemished animal for the
altar |
Lev. 22:20 |
|
338 |
Not to slaughter it |
Lev. 22:22 |
|
339 |
Not to sprinkle its blood |
Lev. 22:24 |
|
340 |
Not to burn its fat |
Lev. 22:22 |
|
341 |
Not to offer a temporarily blemished animal |
Deut. 17:1 |
|
342 |
Not to sacrifice blemished animals even if
offered by non-Jews |
Lev. 22:25 |
|
343 |
Not to inflict wounds upon dedicated
animals |
Lev. 22:21 |
|
344 |
To redeem dedicated animals which have
become disqualified |
Deut. 12:15 |
|
345 |
To offer only animals which are at least
eight days old |
Lev. 22:27 |
|
346 |
Not to offer animals bought with the wages
of a harlot or the
animal exchanged for a dog |
Deut. 23:19 |
|
347 |
Not to burn honey or yeast on the altar |
Lev. 2:11 |
|
348 |
To salt all sacrifices |
Lev. 2:13 |
|
349 |
Not to omit the salt from sacrifices |
Lev. 2:13 |
|
Laws of Sacrificial Procedure |
|
350 |
Carry out the procedure of the burnt
offering as prescribed in the Torah |
Lev. 1:3 |
|
351 |
Not to eat its meat |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
352 |
Carry out the procedure of the sin offering |
Lev. 6:18 |
|
353 |
Not to eat the meat of the inner sin
offering |
Lev. 6:23 |
|
354 |
Not to decapitate a fowl brought as a sin
offering |
Lev. 5:8 |
|
355 |
Carry out the procedure of the guilt
offering |
Lev. 7:1 |
|
356 |
The Kohanim must eat the sacrificial meat
in the Temple |
Ex. 29:33 |
|
357 |
The Kohanim must not eat the meat outside
the Temple courtyard |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
358 |
A non-Kohen must not eat sacrificial meat |
Ex. 29:33 |
|
359 |
To follow the procedure of the peace
offering |
Lev. 7:11 |
|
360 |
Not to eat the meat of minor sacrifices
before sprinkling the blood |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
361 |
To bring meal offerings as prescribed in
the Torah |
Lev. 2:1 |
|
362 |
Not to put oil on the meal offerings of
wrongdoers |
Lev. 5:11 |
|
363 |
Not to put frankincense on the meal
offerings of wrongdoers |
Lev. 3:11 |
|
364 |
Not to eat the meal offering of the High
Priest |
Lev. 6:16 |
|
365 |
Not to bake a meal offering as leavened
bread |
Lev. 6:10 |
|
366 |
The Kohanim must eat the remains of the
meal offerings |
Lev. 6:9 |
|
367 |
To bring all avowed and freewill offerings
to the Temple on the first subsequent festival |
Deut. 12:5-6 |
|
368 |
Not to withhold payment incurred by any vow |
Deut. 23:22 |
|
369 |
To offer all sacrifices in the Temple |
Deut. 12:11 |
|
370 |
To bring all sacrifices from outside Israel
to the Temple |
Deut. 12:26 |
|
371 |
Not to slaughter sacrifices outside the
courtyard |
Lev. 17:4 |
|
372 |
Not to offer any sacrifices outside the
courtyard |
Deut. 12:13 |
|
Laws of Constant and Additional Offerings |
|
373 |
To offer two lambs every day |
Num. 28:3 |
|
374 |
To light a fire on the altar every day |
Lev. 6:6 |
|
375 |
Not to extinguish this fire |
Lev. 6:6 |
|
376 |
To remove the ashes from the altar every
day |
Lev. 6:3 |
|
377 |
To burn incense every day |
Ex 30:7 |
|
378 |
To light the Menorah every day |
Ex. 27:21 |
|
379 |
The Kohen Gadol must bring a meal offering
every day |
Lev. 6:13 |
|
380 |
To bring two additional lambs as burnt
offerings on Shabbat |
Num 28:9 |
|
381 |
To make the show bread |
Ex. 25:30 |
|
382 |
To bring additional offerings on the New
Month |
Num. 28:11 |
|
383 |
To bring additional offerings on Passover |
Num. 28:19 |
|
384 |
To offer the wave offering from the meal of
the new wheat |
Lev. 23:10 |
|
385 |
Each man must count the Omer - seven weeks
from the day the new
wheat offering was brought |
Lev. 23:15 |
|
386 |
To bring additional offerings on Shavuot |
Num. 28:26 |
|
387 |
To bring two leaves to accompany the above
sacrifice |
Lev. 23:17 |
|
388 |
To bring additional offerings on Rosh
Hashana |
Num. 29:2 |
|
389 |
To bring additional offerings on Yom Kippur |
Num. 29:8 |
|
390 |
To bring additional offerings on Sukkot |
Num. 29:13 |
|
391 |
To bring additional offerings on Shmini
Atzeret |
Num. 29:35 |
|
Laws of Disqualified Offerings |
|
392 |
Not to eat sacrifices which have become
unfit or blemished |
Deut. 14.3 |
|
393 |
Not to eat from sacrifices offered with
improper intentions |
Lev. 7:18 |
|
394 |
Not to leave sacrifices past the time
allowed for eating them |
Lev. 22:30 |
|
395 |
Not to eat from that which was left over |
Lev. 19:8 |
|
396 |
Not to eat from sacrifices which became
impure |
Lev. 7:19 |
|
397 |
An impure person must not eat from
sacrifices |
Lev. 7:20 |
|
398 |
To burn the leftover sacrifices |
Lev. 7:17 |
|
399 |
To burn all impure sacrifices |
Lev. 7:19 |
|
Laws of Yom Kippur Service |
|
400 |
To follow the procedure of Yom Kippur in
the sequence
prescribed in Parshat Acharei Mot |
Lev. 16:3 |
|
Laws of Misusing Sanctified Property |
|
401 |
One who profaned property must repay what
he
profaned plus a fifth and bring a sacrifice |
Lev. 5:16 |
|
402 |
Not to work consecrated animals |
Deut. 15:19 |
|
403 |
Not to shear the fleece of consecrated
animals |
Deut. 15:19 |
BOOK NINE: THE BOOK OF SACRIFICES
|
Laws of Pascal Sacrifice |
|
404 |
To slaughter the paschal sacrifice at the
specified time |
Ex. 12:6 |
|
405 |
Not to slaughter it while in possession of
leaven |
Ex. 23:18 |
|
406 |
Not to leave the fat overnight |
Ex. 23:18 |
|
407 |
To slaughter the second paschal lamb |
Num. 9:11 |
|
408 |
To eat the paschal lamb with matzah and
Marror on the night of the
15th of Nissan |
Ex. 12:8 |
|
409 |
To eat the second paschal lamb on the night
of the 15th of Iyar |
Num.9:11 |
|
410 |
Not to eat the paschal meat raw or boiled |
Ex. 12:9 |
|
411 |
Not to take the paschal meat from the
confines of the group |
Ex. 12:46 |
|
412 |
An apostate must not eat from it |
Ex.12:43 |
|
413 |
A permanent or temporary hired worker must
not eat from it |
Ex. 12:45 |
|
414 |
An uncircumcised male must not eat from it |
Ex. 12:48 |
|
415 |
Not to break any bones from the paschal
offering |
Ex. 12:46 |
|
416 |
Not to break any bones from the second
paschal offering |
Num. 9:12 |
|
417 |
Not to leave any meat from the paschal
offering over until morning |
Ex. 12:10 |
|
418 |
Not to leave the second paschal meat over
until morning |
Num. 9:12 |
|
419 |
Not to leave the meat of the holiday
offering of the 14th until the 16th |
Deut. 16:4 |
|
Laws of Pilgrim Offerings |
|
420 |
To be seen at the Temple on Passover,
Shavuot, and Sukkot |
Deut. 16:16 |
|
421 |
To celebrate on these three Festivals
(bring a peace offering) |
Ex. 23:14 |
|
422 |
To rejoice on these three Festivals (bring
a peace offering) |
Deut. 16:14 |
|
423 |
Not to appear at the Temple without
offerings |
Deut. 16:16 |
|
424 |
Not to refrain from rejoicing with, and
giving gifts to, the Levites |
Deut. 12:19 |
|
425 |
To assemble all the people on the Sukkot
following the seventh year |
Deut. 31:12 |
|
Laws of First Born Animals |
|
426 |
To set aside the firstborn animals |
Ex. 13:12 |
|
427 |
The Kohanim must not eat unblemished
firstborn animals
outside Jerusalem |
Deut. 12:17 |
|
428 |
Not to redeem the firstborn |
Num. 18:17 |
|
429 |
Separate the tithe from animals |
Lev. 27:32 |
|
430 |
Not to redeem the tithe |
Lev. 27:33 |
|
Laws of Offerings for Unintentional Transgressions |
|
431 |
Every person must bring a sin offering for
his transgression |
Lev. 4:27 |
|
432 |
Bring an asham talui when uncertain
of guilt |
Lev. 5:17-18 |
|
433 |
Bring an asham vadai when guilt is
ascertained |
Lev. 5:25 |
|
434 |
Bring an oleh v'yored offering (if
the person is wealthy, an animal; if poor, a bird or meal
offering) |
Lev. 5:7-11 |
|
435 |
The Sanhedrin must bring an offering when
it rules in error |
Lev. 4:13 |
|
Laws of Lacking Atonement |
|
436 |
A woman who had a running issue must bring
an offering
after she goes to the Mikveh |
Lev. 15:28-29 |
|
437 |
A woman who gave birth must bring an
offering after she goes
to the Mikveh |
Lev. 12:6 |
|
438 |
A man who had a running issue must bring an
offering after he goes
to the Mikveh |
Lev. 15:13-14 |
|
439 |
A metzora must bring an offering
after going to the Mikveh |
Lev. 14:10 |
|
Laws of Substitution of Sacrifices |
|
440 |
Not to substitute another beast for one set
apart for sacrifice |
Lev. 27:10 |
|
441 |
The new animal, in addition to the
substituted one, retains consecration |
Lev. 27:10 |
|
442 |
Not to change consecrated animals from one
type of offering to another |
Lev. 27:26 |
BOOK TEN: THE BOOK OF PURITY
|
Laws of Impurity of Human Dead |
|
443 |
Carry out the laws of impurity of the dead |
Num. 19:14 |
|
Laws of The Red Heifer |
|
444 |
Carry out the procedure of the Red Heifer |
Num. 19:2 |
|
445 |
Carry out the laws of the sprinkling water |
Num. 19:21 |
|
Laws of Impurity through Tzara'at |
|
446 |
Rule the laws of human tzara'at as
prescribed in the Torah |
Lev. 13:12 |
|
447 |
The metzora must not remove his
signs of impurity |
Deut. 24:8 |
|
448 |
The metzora must not shave signs of
impurity in his hair |
Lev. 13:33 |
|
449 |
The metzora must publicize his
condition by tearing his garments,
allowing his hair to grow and covering his lips |
Lev. 13:45 |
|
450 |
Carry out the prescribed rules for
purifying the metzora |
Lev. 14:2 |
|
451 |
The metzora must shave off all his
hair prior to purification |
Lev. 14:9 |
|
452 |
Carry out the laws of tzara'at of
clothing |
Lev. 13:47 |
|
453 |
Carry out the laws of tzara'at of
houses |
Lev. 13:34 |
|
Laws of Impurity of Reclining and Sitting |
|
454 |
Observe the laws of menstrual impurity |
Lev. 15:19 |
|
455 |
Observe the laws of impurity caused by
childbirth |
Lev. 12:2 |
|
456 |
Observe the laws of impurity caused by a
woman's running issue |
Lev. 15:25 |
|
457 |
Observe the laws of impurity caused by a
man's running issue |
Lev. 15:3 |
|
Laws of Other Sources of Impurity |
|
458 |
Observe the laws of impurity caused by a
dead beast |
Lev. 11:39 |
|
459 |
Observe the laws of impurity caused by the
eight shratzim |
Lev. 11:29 |
|
460 |
Observe the laws of impurity of a seminal
emission |
Lev. 15:16 |
|
Laws of Impurity of Food |
|
461 |
Observe the laws of impurity concerning
liquid and solid foods |
Lev. 11:34 |
|
Laws of Vessels (Rabbinical) |
|
Laws of Mikveh |
|
462 |
Every impure person must immerse himself in
a Mikveh to become pure |
Lev. 15:16 |
BOOK ELEVEN: THE BOOK OF DAMAGES
|
Laws of Property Damage |
|
463 |
The court must judge the damages incurred
by a goring ox |
Ex. 21:28 |
|
464 |
The court must judge the damages incurred
by an animal eating |
Ex. 22:4 |
|
465 |
The court must judge the damages incurred
by a pit |
Ex. 21:33 |
|
466 |
The court must judge the damages incurred
by fire |
Ex. 22:5 |
|
Laws of Theft |
|
467 |
Not to steal money stealthily |
Lev. 19:11 |
|
468 |
The court must implement punitive measures
against the thief |
Ex. 21:37 |
|
469 |
Each individual must ensure that his scales
and weights are accurate |
Lev. 19:36 |
|
470 |
Not to commit injustice with scales and
weights |
Lev. 19:35 |
|
471 |
Not to possess inaccurate scales and
weights even if they are not for use |
Deut. 25:13 |
|
472 |
Not to move a boundary marker to steal
someone's property |
Deut. 19:14 |
|
473 |
Not to kidnap |
Ex. 20:13 |
|
Laws of Robbery and Lost Objects |
|
474 |
Not to rob openly |
Lev. 19:13 |
|
475 |
Not to withhold wages or fail to repay a
debt |
Lev. 19:13 |
|
476 |
Not to covet and scheme to acquire
another's possession |
Ex. 20:14 |
|
477 |
Not to desire another's possession |
Deut. 5:18 |
|
478 |
Return the robbed object or its value |
Lev. 5:23 |
|
479 |
Not to ignore a lost object |
Deut. 22:3 |
|
480 |
Return the lost object |
Deut. 22:1 |
|
481 |
The court must implement laws against the
one who assaults
another or damages another's property |
Ex. 21:18 |
|
Laws of Murder and Preservation of Life |
|
482 |
Not to murder |
Ex. 20:13 |
|
483 |
Not to accept monetary restitution to atone
for the murderer |
Num. 35:31 |
|
484 |
The court must send the accidental murderer
to a city of refuge |
Num. 35:25 |
|
485 |
Not to accept monetary restitution instead
of being
sent to a city of refuge |
Num. 35:32 |
|
486 |
Not to kill the murderer before he stands
trial |
Num. 35:12 |
|
487 |
Save someone being pursued even by taking
the life of the pursuer |
Deut. 25112 |
|
488 |
Not to pity the pursuer |
Num. 35:12 |
|
489 |
Not to stand idly by if someone's life is
in danger |
Lev. 19:16 |
|
490 |
Designate cities of refuge and prepare
routes of access |
Deut. 19:3 |
|
491 |
Break the neck of a calf by the river
valley following an unsolved murder |
Deut. 21:4 |
|
492 |
Not to work nor plant that river valley |
Deut. 21:4 |
|
493 |
Not to allow pitfalls and obstacles to
remain on your property |
Deut. 22:8 |
|
494 |
Make a guard rail around flat roofs |
Deut. 22:8 |
|
495 |
Not to put a stumbling block before a blind
man (nor give harmful advice) |
Lev. 19:14 |
|
496 |
Help another remove the load from a beast
which can
no longer carry it |
Ex. 23:5 |
|
497 |
Help others load their beast |
Deut. 22:4 |
|
498 |
Not to leave others distraught with their
burdens (but to help either load or unload) |
Deut. 22:4 |
BOOK TWELVE: THE BOOK OF
ACQUISITION
|
Laws of Sales |
|
499 |
Buy and sell according to Torah law |
Lev. 25:14 |
|
500 |
Not to overcharge or underpay for an
article |
Lev. 25:14 |
|
501 |
Not to insult or harm anybody with words |
Lev. 25:17 |
|
502 |
Not to cheat a sincere convert monetarily |
Ex. 22:20 |
|
503 |
Not to insult or harm a sincere convert
with words |
Ex. 22:20 |
|
Laws of Acquisitions and Gifts (Rabbinical) |
|
Laws of Neighbors (Rabbinical) |
|
Laws of Agents and Partners (Rabbinical) |
|
Laws of Slaves |
|
504 |
Purchase a Hebrew slave in accordance with
the prescribed laws |
Ex. 21:2 |
|
505 |
Not to sell him as a slave is sold |
Lev. 25:42 |
|
506 |
Not to work him oppressively |
Lev. 25:43 |
|
507 |
Not to allow a non-Jew to work him
oppressively |
Lev. 25:53 |
|
508 |
Not to have him do menial slave labor |
Lev. 25;39 |
|
509 |
Give him gifts when he goes free |
Deut. 15:14 |
|
510 |
Not to send him away empty-handed |
Deut. 15:13 |
|
511 |
Redeem Jewish maidservants |
Ex. 21:8 |
|
512 |
Betroth the Jewish maidservant |
Ex. 21:8 |
|
513 |
The master must not sell his maidservant |
Ex. 21:8 |
|
514 |
Canaanite slaves must work forever unless
injured in one of their limbs |
Lev. 25:46 |
|
515 |
Not to extradite a slave who fled to Israel |
Deut. 23:16 |
|
516 |
Not to wrong a slave who has come to Israel
for refuge |
Deut. 23:16 |
BOOK THIRTEEN: THE BOOK OF
JUDGEMENTS
|
Laws of Hiring |
|
517 |
The courts must carry out the laws of a
hired worker and hired guard |
Ex. 22:9 |
|
518 |
Pay wages on the day they were earned |
Deut. 24:15 |
|
519 |
Not to delay payment of wages past the
agreed time |
Lev. 19:13 |
|
520 |
The hired worker may eat from the
unharvested crops where he works |
Deut. 23:25 |
|
521 |
The worker must not eat while on hired time |
Deut. 23:26 |
|
522 |
The worker must not take more than he can
eat |
Deut. 23:25 |
|
523 |
Not to muzzle an ox while plowing |
Deut. 25:4 |
|
Laws of Borrowing and Depositing |
|
524 |
The courts must carry out the laws of a
borrower |
Ex. 22:13 |
|
525 |
The courts must carry out the laws of an
unpaid guard |
Ex. 22:6 |
|
Laws of Creditor and Debtor |
|
526 |
Lend to the poor and destitute |
Ex. 22:24 |
|
527 |
Not to press them for payment if you know
they don't have it |
Ex. 22:24 |
|
528 |
Press the idolater for payment |
Deut. 15:3 |
|
529 |
The creditor must not forcibly take
collateral |
Deut. 24:10 |
|
530 |
Return the collateral to the debtor when
needed |
Deut. 24:13 |
|
531 |
Not to delay its return when needed |
Deut. 24:12 |
|
532 |
Not to demand collateral from a widow |
Deut. 24:17 |
|
533 |
Not to demand as collateral utensils needed
for preparing food |
Deut. 24:6 |
|
534 |
Not to lend with interest |
Lev.25:37 |
|
535 |
Not to borrow with interest |
Deut. 23:20 |
|
536 |
Not to intermediate in an interest loan,
guarantee, witness,
or write the promissory note |
Ex. 22:24 |
|
537 |
Lend to and borrow from idolaters with
interest |
Deut. 23:21 |
|
Laws of Plaintiff and Defendant |
|
538 |
The courts must carry out the laws of the
plaintiff, admitter, or denier |
Ex. 22:8 |
|
Laws of Inheritance |
|
539 |
Carry out the laws of the order of
inheritance |
Num. 27:8 |
BOOK FOURTEEN: THE BOOK OF JUDGES
|
Laws of Sanhedrin and Punishments |
|
540 |
Appoint judges |
Deut. 16:18 |
|
541 |
Not to appoint judges who are not familiar
with judicial procedure |
Deut. 1:17 |
|
542 |
Decide by majority in case of disagreement |
Ex. 23:2 |
|
543 |
The court must not execute through a
majority of one; at least a majority of two is required |
Ex. 23:2 |
|
544 |
A judge who presented an acquittal plea
must not present an
argument for conviction in capital cases |
Deut. 23:2 |
|
545 |
The courts must carry out the death penalty
of stoning |
Deut. 22:24 |
|
546 |
The courts must carry out the death penalty
of burning |
Lev. 20:14 |
|
547 |
The courts must carry out the death penalty
of the sword |
Ex. 21:20 |
|
548 |
The courts must carry out the death penalty
of strangulation |
Lev. 20:10 |
|
549 |
The courts must hang those stoned for
blasphemy or idolatry |
Deut. 21:22 |
|
550 |
Bury the executed on the day they are
killed |
Deut.21:23 |
|
551 |
Not to delay burial overnight |
Deut. 21:23 |
|
552 |
The court must not let the sorcerer live |
Ex. 22:17 |
|
553 |
The court must give lashes to the wrongdoer |
Ex. 25:2 |
|
554 |
The court must not exceed the prescribed
number of lashes |
Deut. 25:3 |
|
555 |
The court must not kill anybody on
circumstantial evidence |
Ex. 23:7 |
|
556 |
The court must not punish anybody who was
forced to do a crime |
Deut. 22:26 |
|
557 |
A judge must not pity the murderer or
assaulter at the trial |
Deut. 19:13 |
|
558 |
A judge must not have mercy on the poor man
at the trial |
Lev. 19:15 |
|
559 |
A judge must not respect the great man at
the trial |
Lev. 19:15 |
|
560 |
A judge must not decide unjustly the case
of the habitual transgressor |
Ex. 23;6 |
|
561 |
A judge must not pervert justice |
Lev. 19:15 |
|
562 |
A judge must not pervert a case involving a
convert or orphan |
Deut. 24:17 |
|
563 |
Judge righteously |
Lev. 19:15 |
|
564 |
The judge must not fear a violent man in
judgment |
Deut. 1:17 |
|
565 |
Judges must not accept bribes |
Ex. 23:8 |
|
566 |
Judges must not accept testimony unless
both parties are present |
Ex. 23:1 |
|
567 |
Not to curse judges |
Ex. 22:27 |
|
568 |
Not to curse the head of state or leader of
the Sanhedrin |
Ex. 22:27 |
|
569 |
Not to curse any upstanding Jew |
Lev. 19:14 |
|
Laws of Evidence |
|
570 |
Anybody who knows evidence must testify in
court |
Lev. 5:1 |
|
571 |
Carefully interrogate the witness |
Deut. 13:15 |
|
572 |
A witness must not serve as a judge in
capital crimes |
Deut. 19:17 |
|
573 |
Not to accept testimony from a lone witness |
Deut. 19:15 |
|
574 |
Transgressors must not testify |
Ex. 23:1 |
|
575 |
Relatives of the litigants must not testify |
Deut. 24:16 |
|
576 |
Not to testify falsely |
Ex. 20:13 |
|
577 |
Punish the false witnesses as they tried to
punish the defendant |
Deut. 19:19 |
|
Laws of Insurgents |
|
578 |
Act according to the ruling of the
Sanhedrin |
Deut. 17:11 |
|
579 |
Not to deviate from the word of the
Sanhedrin |
Deut. 17:11 |
|
580 |
Not to add to the Torah commandments or
their oral explanations |
Deut. 13:1 |
|
581 |
Not to diminish from the Torah any
commandments, in whole or in part |
Deut. 13:1 |
|
582 |
Not to curse your father and mother |
Ex. 21:17 |
|
583 |
Not to strike your father and mother |
Ex. 21:15 |
|
584 |
Respect your father or mother |
Ex. 20:12 |
|
585 |
Fear your father or mother |
Lev. 19:3 |
|
586 |
Not to be a rebellious son |
Deut. 21:18 |
|
Laws of Mourning |
|
587 |
Mourn for relatives |
Lev. 10:19 |
|
588 |
The High Priest must not defile himself for
any relative |
Lev. 21:11 |
|
589 |
The High Priest must not enter under the
same roof as a corpse |
Lev. 21:11 |
|
590 |
A Kohen must not defile himself for anyone
except relatives |
Lev. 21:1 |
|
Laws of Kings and their Wars |
|
591 |
Appoint a king from Israel |
Deut. 17:15 |
|
592 |
Not to appoint a convert |
Deut. 17:15 |
|
593 |
The king must not have too many wives |
Deut. 17:17 |
|
594 |
The king must not have too many horses |
Deut. 17:16 |
|
595 |
The king must not have too much silver and
gold |
Deut. 17:17 |
|
596 |
Destroy the seven Canaanite nations |
Deut. 20:17 |
|
597 |
Not to let any of them remain alive |
Deut. 20:16 |
|
598 |
Wipe out the descendants of Amalek |
Deut. 25:19 |
|
599 |
Remember what Amalek did to the Jewish
people |
Deut. 25:17 |
|
600 |
Not to forget Amalek's atrocities and
ambush on our journey
from Egypt in the desert |
Deut. 25:19 |
|
601 |
Not to dwell permanently in Egypt |
Deut. 17:16 |
|
602 |
Offer peace terms to the inhabitants of a
city while holding siege, and treat them according to the Torah
if they accept the terms |
Deut. 20:10 |
|
603 |
Not to offer peace to Ammon and Moab while
besieging them |
Deut. 23:7 |
|
604 |
Not to destroy fruit trees even during the
siege |
Deut. 20:19 |
|
605 |
Prepare latrines outside the camps |
Deut. 23:13 |
|
606 |
Prepare a shovel for each soldier to dig
with |
Deut. 23:14 |
|
607 |
Appoint a priest to speak with the soldiers
during the war |
Deut. 20:2 |
|
608 |
He who has taken a wife, built a new home,
or planted a vineyard is given a year to rejoice with his
possessions |
Deut. 24:5 |
|
609 |
Not to demand from the above any
involvement,
communal or military |
Deut. 24:5 |
|
610 |
Not to panic and retreat during battle |
Deut. 20:3 |
|
611 |
Keep the laws of the captive woman |
Deut. 21:11 |
|
612 |
Not to sell her into slavery |
Deut. 21:14 |
|
613 |
Not to retain her for servitude after
having relations with her |
Deut. 21:14 |
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The Hebrew word mitzvah (מִצְוָה)
means "divine commandment" (mitzvot is the plural form).
Although the word is sometimes used broadly to refer to Rabbinic
(Talmudic) law or simply a good deed (e.g., "it would be a
mitzvah to visit your sick cousin"), in its strictest sense
the term refers to a divine commandment given by the LORD in the
Torah. In Exodus 24:12 the Ten Commandments are collectively
referred to as mitzvot. |
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The Torah is filled with various
imperatives of one kind or another. The term mitzvot (מִצְוֹת)
is a general term used to refer to any commandment given
by God. Mitzvot can be further divided into the subcategories of
chukkim u'mishpatim (Deut.
4:5):
-
Chukkim (חֻקִּים)
are statutes given without a reason (i.e., fiats or divine
decrees). As such they are sometimes called "supra-rational"
decrees. The classic example is the chok (sing.)
regarding the Red Heifer, which, legend has it, defied even
the wisdom of King Solomon. Other examples include dietary
law (kashrut), the prohibition of mixing seeds or
fabrics (kilayim), or the laws concerning family
purity (niddah). These laws can seem irrational to
human reason.
Zot chukat haTorah (זאת
חֻקַּת הַתּוֹרָה) - "this is the Torah's
decree...." which we therefore accept as a commandment that
transcends our abilities to rationally fathom. That is,
when asked why we would do what is here commanded, we
can only appeal to the fact that the LORD has commanded such
- and that settles the issue.
-
Mishpatim (מִשְׁפָּטִים)
are laws given for a clearly specified reason (i.e., logical
laws). An example would be the commandment to give charity
or the prohibitions against theft and murder. These mitzvot
are inherently rational and appeal to the need for ethical
unity (civil and moral life) within the community.
- Note:
eidot (עֵדוֹת)
are testimonials (from the root 'ed, "witness")
that commemorate or represent something -- e.g., the
commandments to observe Shabbat and the
holidays, to put on tefillin, wear tzitzit, eat matzah
on Passover, blow a shofar, etc. Since they commemorate or
symbolically represent something, the eidot occupy a
sort of middle ground between the rationally understandable
mishpatim and the supra-rational chukkim.
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The phrase chukkim u'mishpatim
(חֻקִּים וּמִשְׁפָּטִים)
is a synonym for the more general term "mitzvah," as can be seen
in
parashat Mishpatim, which lists over 50 mitzvot that are
indeed logical laws (i.e., mishpatim), but also include a number
of eidot and at least one chok, or supra-rational
"decree."
Some Jewish scholars have attempted to count the various
mitzvot (commandments) listed in the Torah. For
example, the Jewish Aristotelian philosopher Maimonides (i.e., "Rambam")
listed a total of
613 commandments in his book Sefer Ha-mitzvot ("Book
of Commandments") and divided them into two basic groups: 248
positive ("Thou shalt...") and 365 negative ("Thou shalt
not...") commandments. In Jewish theological tradition, positive
commandments are called mitzvot 'aseh (מִצְוֹת
עֲשֵׂה), whereas the negative ones are called
mitzvot lo-ta'aseh (מִצְוֹת
לא תַעֲשֵׂה). Some of the sages rather
fancifully claim that the positive commandments equal the number
of bones and significant organs of the body, whereas the
negative commandments correspond to the number of days in the
solar year. |
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Since Hebrew letters are often
used to express numbers, the number 613 can be represented using
the word "Taryag" (pronounced tar-YAHG) as a numerical acronym: |
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You add the value for Tav
(400) to the value for Resh (200) to get 600, and then
you add the value of Yod (10) and Gimmel (3) to get 13.
Adding these numbers together yields 613 (note the
gerashayim is used to indicate that this is a
non-standard Hebrew word). |
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Collectively, the 613 commandments
listed in the Torah are called "Taryag Mitzvot." |
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Note that the gematria (numerical
value) for the word Torah is Tav (400) + Vav (6) + Resh
(200) + Hey (5), which yields 611. According to Jewish
tradition, Taryag (613) is equal to the word "Torah" plus the
two commandments that existed before the Torah: "I am the Lord
your God" and "you shall have no other gods before me." |
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With the destruction of the Temple
in 70 AD, many of the enumerated mitzvot that concern ritual and
ceremony within the establishment of the Aaronic priesthood can
no longer be obeyed (it has been estimated that only about 270
of them - less than 50 percent - are still applicable today).
That is, ever since the Diaspara of the Jewish people, it has
been literally impossible to fulfill all of the Torah's
righteous demands. Nonetheless, the Rabbinic tradition has
assumed the role of interpreting the applicability of Jewish law
for the individual Jew, and certain qualifications in the idea
of the mitzvot are therefore made. |
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The Jewish Temple was destroyed
in 70 AD (see
Matt 24:1-2) and has
never been restored.
Presently, the mitzvot pertaining to the priesthood cannot be
fulfilled. |
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Rabbinical Legal Ruminations: Halakhah |
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In addition to Taryag mitzvot (see
the listing of the 613 commandments below), Rabbinical law has
added a large body of rulings that are claimed to be just as
binding as the divine mitzvot. Such rabbinical halakhah
(from halakh: הָלַךְ, "to walk") refers to the various rules and
regulations that are said to mark the Jew's 'walk' through life.
Halakhah includes three (related) groups: gezeirah, takkanah,
and minhag:
-
Gezeirah ("fence") -- a rule instituted by the rabbis
to prevent inadvertent violation of a mitzvah. For instance,
it is a mitvah to refrain from work on the Sabbath, but it's
a gezeirah to avoid even the handling of any work
instruments on the Sabbath.
-
Takkanah ("case law ordinance") -- a law instituted
by rabbis that does not directly derive from the Torah (but
is inferred from its interpretation). An example would be
the lighting of candles on erev Shabbat. The ritual of
public Torah recitation every Monday and Thursday is a
takkanah instituted by Ezra the Scribe. Takkanot (pl.) can
vary by region, based on the prevailing rabbinical
authority. Ashkenazic Jews accept takkanot that Sephardic
Jews might not recognize as binding.
- Minhag
("custom") are rabbinically approved conventions for a
Jewish community (plural minhagim). An example of a minhag
would be eating apples with honey on Rosh Hashanah. Like the
takkanot, minhagim can vary by region, based on the
prevailing rabbinical authority.
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Torah and Jewish Tradition |
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In Jewish
thought, the word "Torah" (תּוֹרָה)
is a general concept that implies a wide range of related
ideas and concepts that focus on discerning God's will. A
primary distinction is between the written Torah, on the
one hand, and the oral Torah on the other. The written
Torah, called shebichtav (שֶׁבִּכְתָב,
"that which is written"), refers to the text that has been
meticulously transmitted since the time of Moses in the form of
a Sefer Torah (i.e., a kosher Torah scroll). The oral
Torah, on the other hand, is called shebal peh (שֶׁבְּעַל
פֶּה, "that which is oral"), and refers to legal and
interpretative traditions handed down by word of mouth until
these were codified in the Mishnah and Gemara (i.e., the
Talmud). The Oral tradition further includes the Midrash
(traditional exegesis), the Responsa (questions and answers
given by "poskim," or legal scholars), the Shulchan Aruch (16th
century codification of Jewish case law), and various other
commentaries handed down over the centuries. Some people further
claim that "Kabbalah" is also contained within oral tradition,
though strictly speaking it is not regarded as part of
the Oral Torah as understood in Jewish tradition.
Jewish thought maintains that the written Torah and the oral
Torah are complementary, since Moses himself established
the role of judges and law courts in the written Torah (Exod.
18:13-26; Num. 11:24-29; Deut. 16:18-20; 17:8-12), and
ultimately the oral Torah derives its justification and
substance from the written revelation. Indeed it is somewhat
artificial to distinguish between the two in practice,
since the written Torah was preserved through tradition (i.e.,
the scribal transmission, the books to be included in the canon,
etc.), just as the oral Torah was validated by the written words
of the Torah scroll itself. Moreover, within both of these
"Torahs" we can make further distinctions. For example, in the
written Torah there is both narrative (alilah) and Gods'
explicit commandments (mitzvot), which roughly
corresponds to the distinction between "aggadic" (homiletical)
and "halakhic" (legal)
literature found in the oral Torah. In addition, just as the
613 mitzvot of the written Torah can be subdivided into the
categories of mishpatim (laws), chukkot (decrees),
and eidot (testimonials), so the Jewish legal tradition
discusses the corresponding ideas of takkanot (case
laws), gezerot (rabbinical decrees), and minhagim
(customs). In short, there is a sort of circular reasoning
involved in the traditional Jewish idea of Torah: The written
Torah was passed down (validated) by means of the oral Torah;
but the oral Torah derives its authority from the written Torah: |
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Interestingly enough, Jewish
tradition seems to go two ways with the idea that Torah can be
explicated by means of halakhah. On the one hand, it carefully
enumerates every nuance of each of the various commandments of
the Torah, creates various takkanot (case laws) and even
multiplies the Torah's principles by building "fences" around
the commandments, yet on the other hand it can (lucidly enough)
distill the various commandments to more general principles that
are fewer and fewer in number. For example, in Makkot 23b-24a
the discussion goes from an enumeration of the 613 commandments
identified in the Torah (see below), to David's reduction of the
number to 11 (Psalm
15), to Isaiah's reduction of the number to six (Isaiah
33:15-16); to Micah's reduction to three (Micah
6:8); to Isaiah's further reduction to two (Isaiah 56:1);
to the one essential commandment by Habakuk ("But the righteous
shall live by his faith" -
Habakuk 2:4). Obviously the Apostle Paul distilled the
various mitzvot to this selfsame principle of faith (see
Romans 1:17, Galatians 3:11, Hebrews 10:38). |
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Taryag Mitzvot (Rambam's List)
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In Maimonides' list you will
notice considerable overlap of the selected commandments,
perhaps as the result of the gematria/superstition that there
must be exactly 613 found in the Torah. Note also that
Maimonides seems to regard Christians as "idolaters," whom he
calls "missionaries," though the texts he uses from Torah
against "missionaries" obviously have no historical reference to
Christianity.
Next to each Scripture reference from the Torah, I have added
one or more corresponding New Testament commandments (many
others could be cited, but in the interests of brevity, I have
kept the references to a minimum). Some laws simply do not apply
to Christians at all (for example, laws concerning Temple
practices, agricultural laws, civil laws, and so on), though
clearly the NT contains ALL the principles of the Torah in
superior form (in fact, Yeshua the Mashiach went beyond the
letter of the Torah to expose its underlying principles. For
example, see
Matthew 5-7). |
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-
To know there is a God
Ex. 20:2; John 14:1; 17:3, etc.
-
Not to entertain thoughts of other gods besides Him
Ex. 20:3; Acts 15:29; 21:25; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5; 1 Cor.
10:7; Rev. 21:8; 22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1 John
5:21
-
To know that God is One
Deut. 6:4; Matt. 22:37; Mark 12:30; Luke 10:27; 1 Cor. 2:9;
Gal. 3:20; 1 Tim. 2:5
-
To love God
Deut. 6:5; Matt. 22:37; Mark 12:30; Luke 10:27; 1 Cor. 2:9;
Rom. 8:28; 1 Cor. 8:3
-
To fear God
Deut. 10:20; 2 Cor 7:1; Heb. 12:28
-
To sanctify His Name
Lev. 22:32; 1 Peter 1:16-17
-
Not to profane His Name
Lev. 22:32; Heb. 9:13; Col. 3:8; 1 Peter 1:16-17
-
Not to destroy objects associated with His Name
Deut. 12:4; 1 John 5:21
-
To listen to the prophet speaking in His Name
Deut. 18:15; Matt. 3:17; 17:5; Mark 1:11; 9:7; Luke 3:22;
9:35; 20:13; 1 Cor. 4:17; 2 Tim. 1:2; 2 Pet. 1:17
-
Not to test the prophet unduly
Deut. 6:16; Luke 4:12
-
To emulate God's ways
Deut. 28:9; John 12:26; Eph. 5:1
-
To cleave to those who know God
Deut. 10:20; Heb 10:25
-
To love other Jews
Lev. 19:18; Luke 10:27; note NT extends this to all people
-
To love converts (or believers)
Deut. 10:19; John 13:34f; 15:12, 17; Rom. 12:10; 13:8; Gal.
5:13; Eph. 4:2; 1 Thess. 3:12; 4:9; Heb. 10:24; 1 Pet. 1:22;
3:8; 1 John 3:11, 23; 4:7, 11f; 2 John 1:5
-
Not to hate fellow Jews
Lev. 19:17; 1 John 2:9, 11; 3:15; 4:20
-
To reprove a sinner
Lev. 19:17; John 16:8; Eph. 5:11; 2 Tim. 4:2
-
Not to embarrass others
Lev. 19:17; Phil. 2:3; 1 Thess. 5:13
-
Not to oppress the weak
Ex. 22:21; James 2:6
-
Not to speak derogatorily of others
Lev. 19:16; 1 Tim 3:11; Eph. 4:29
-
Not to take revenge
Lev. 19:18; Rom 12:19; 2 Thess. 1:8; Heb 10:30
-
Not to bear a grudge
Lev. 19:18; James 5:9
-
To learn Torah
Deut. 6:7; Matt. 28:19-20; Col 3:16; Titus 2:11-12; 2 Tim
3:15-1; 4:2-3; Titus 2:1
-
To honor those who teach and know Torah
Lev. 19:32; 1 Tim 5:17
-
Not to inquire into idolatry
Lev. 19:4; Acts 15:29; 21:25; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to follow the whims of your heart or what your eyes see
Num. 15:39; James 4:1-4; 1 Pet 1:14
-
Not to blaspheme
Ex. 22:28; 1 Tim. 1:20; Jam. 2:7; Rev. 13:6; Col 3:8
-
Not to worship idols in the manner they are worshiped
Ex. 20:5; Acts 15:29; 21:25; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to worship idols in the four ways we worship God
Ex. 20:5; Acts 15:29; 21:25; 1 John 5:21; John 4:24
-
Not to make an idol for yourself
Ex. 20:4; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5; 1 Cor. 10:7; Rev. 21:8;
22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to make an idol for others
Lev. 19:4; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5; 1 Cor. 10:7; Rev. 21:8;
22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to make human forms even for decorative purposes
Ex. 20:23; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5; 1 Cor. 10:7; Rev. 21:8;
22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to turn a city to idolatry
Ex. 23:13 (this is an unclear reference); 1 John 5:21
-
To burn a city that has turned to idol worship
Deut. 13:17; None in NT: Heb 10:30
-
Not to rebuild it as a city
Deut. 13:17; None in NT: Heb 10:30
-
Not to derive benefit from it
Deut. 13:18; None in NT: Heb 10:30
-
Not to convert an individual to idol worship
Deut. 13:12; Rev. 21:8; 22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1
John 5:21
-
Not to love the idolater
Deut. 13:9; none in NT, though false teachers are condemned:
2 Peter 2:1
-
Not to cease hating the idolater
Deut. 13:9; Rev 2:6; and false teachers are condemned: 2
Peter 2:1
-
Not to save the idolater
Deut. 13:9; Rev 2:6; and false teachers are condemned: 2
Peter 2:1
-
Not to say anything in the idolater's defense
Deut. 13:9; Rev 2:6; and false teachers are condemned: 2
Peter 2:1
-
Not to refrain from incriminating him
Deut. 13:9 (note: Rambam really seems to get off on hating
idolaters -- by which he had in mind Christians in
particular; the LORD be the judge.)
-
Not to prophesize in the name of idolatry
Deut. 13:14; 2 Peter 2:1
-
Not to listen to a false prophet
Deut. 13:4; 2 Peter 2:1; 2 Tim 4:3
-
Not to prophesize falsely in the name of God
Deut. 18:20; 2 Peter 2:1; 2 Tim 4:3
-
Not to be afraid of killing the false prophet
Deut. 18:22; None - the NT does not endorse killing others
-
Not to swear in the name of an idol
Ex. 23:13; 2 Peter 2:1
-
Not to perform ov (medium)
Lev. 19:31; Gal 5:20; Rev. 21:8
-
Not to perform yidoni ("magical seer")
Lev. 19:31; Gal 5:20; Rev. 21:8
-
Not to pass your children through the fire to Molech
Lev. 18:21; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5; 1 Cor. 10:7; Rev. 21:8;
22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to erect a pillar (i.e., Asherah pole) in a public place
of worship
Deut. 16:22; Rom. 11:4; etc.
-
Not to bow down to a smooth stone image
Lev. 26:1; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5; 1 Cor. 10:7; Rev. 21:8;
22:15; 1 Peter 4:3; Gal 5:19-20; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to plant a tree in the Temple courtyard
Deut. 16:21; None in NT (no Temple worship commandments)
-
To destroy idols and their accessories
Deut. 12:2; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to derive benefit from idols and their accessories
Deut. 7:26; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to derive benefit from ornaments of idols
Deut. 7:25; 1 John 5:21
-
Not to make a covenant with idolaters
Deut. 7:2; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5
-
Not to show favor to them
Deut. 7:2; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5
-
Not to let them dwell in the Land of Israel
Ex. 23:33; None - No NT commands regarding dwelling places
in eretz Israel
-
Not to imitate them in customs and clothing
Lev. 20:23; 1 Cor. 5:11; Eph. 5:5
-
Not to be superstitious
Lev. 19:26; Acts 16:16-19; 2 Tim 1:7
-
Not to go into a trance to foresee events, etc.
Deut. 18:10; 2 Tim 1:7
-
Not to engage in astrology
Lev. 19:26; Gal 5:20
-
Not to mutter incantations
Deut. 18:11; Gal 5:20; Col 3:1-4
-
Not to attempt to contact the dead
Deut. 18:11; Gal 5:20; Col 3:1-4
-
Not to consult the ov
Deut. 18:11; Col 3:1-4
-
Not to consult the yidoni
Deut. 18:11; Gal 5:20; Col 3:1-4
-
Not to perform acts of magic
Deut. 18:10; Gal 5:20; Col 3:1-4
-
Men must not shave the hair off the sides of their head
Lev. 19:27; 1 Cor 11:14
-
Men must not shave their beards with a razor
Lev. 19:27; no explicit NT reference
-
Men must not wear women's clothing
Deut. 22:5; Rom 1:27
-
Women must not wear men's clothing
Deut. 22:5; Rom. 1:26; etc.
-
Not to tattoo the skin
Lev. 19:28; 1 Corinthians 6:19-20
-
Not to tear the skin in mourning
Deut. 14:1; 1 Corinthians 6:19-20
-
Not to make a bald spot in mourning
Deut. 14:1; 1 Corinthians 6:19-20
-
To repent and confess wrongdoings
Num. 5:7; Jam. 5:16; 1 John 1:9
-
To say the Shema twice daily
Deut. 6:7; implied in Matt. 22:37; Mark 12:30; Luke 10:27
-
To serve the Almighty with daily prayer
Ex. 23:25; Colossians 3:24; Jude 1:20; 1 Thess 5:17
-
The Kohanim must bless the Jewish nation daily
Num. 6:23; Rev 1:16; 1 Peter 2:5,9
-
To wear tefillin (phylacteries) on the head
Deut. 6:8; No NT reference; interpreted as symbolic /
metaphorical, not literal
-
To bind tefillin on the arm
Deut. 6:8; No NT reference; interpreted as symbolic /
metaphorical, not literal
-
To put a mezuzah on each door post
Deut. 6:9; No NT reference; interpreted as symbolic /
metaphorical, not literal
-
Each male must write a Torah scroll
Deut. 31:19; No NT reference; this interpretation by the
Rabbis is suspect.
-
The king must have a separate Sefer Torah for himself
Deut. 17:18; No NT reference; interpreted as symbolic /
metaphorical, not literal.
-
To have tzitzit on four-cornered garments
Num. 15:38; No NT reference; interpreted as symbolic /
metaphorical, not literal.
-
To bless the Almighty after eating
Deut. 8:10; 1 Cor. 10:31
-
To circumcise all males on the eighth day after their birth
Lev. 12:3; No NT reference; interpreted as symbolic /
metaphorical, not literal.
-
To rest on the seventh day
Ex. 23:12; see my section on
Shabbat.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh day
Ex. 20:10; see my articles on
Shabbat.
-
The court must not inflict punishment on Shabbat
Ex. 35:3; see my articles on
Shabbat.
-
Not to walk outside the city boundary on Shabbat
Ex. 16:29; see my articles on
Shabbat.
-
To sanctify the day with Kiddush and Havdalah
Ex. 20:8; see my articles on
Shabbat.
-
To rest from prohibited labor
Lev. 23:32; see my section on
Shabbat.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on Yom Kippur
Lev. 23:32; see my article on
Yom Kippur.
-
To afflict yourself on Yom Kippur
Lev. 16:29; see my article on
Yom Kippur.
-
Not to eat or drink on Yom Kippur
Lev. 23:29; see my article on
Yom Kippur.
-
To rest on the first day of Passover
Lev. 23:7; see my article on
Passover.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on the first day of Passover
Lev. 23:8; see my article on
Passover.
-
To rest on the seventh day of Passover
Lev. 23:8; see my article on
Passover.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on the seventh day of Passover
Lev. 23:8; see my article on
Passover.
-
To rest on Shavuot
Lev. 23:21; see my article on
Shavuot.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on Shavuot
Lev. 23:21; see my article on
Shavuot.
-
To rest on Rosh Hashanah
Lev. 23:24; see my article on
Rosh Hashanah.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on Rosh Hashanah
Lev. 23:25; see my article on
Rosh Hashanah.
-
To rest on Sukkot
Lev. 23:35; see my article on
Sukkot.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on Sukkot
Lev. 23:35; see my article on
Sukkot.
-
To rest on Shemini Atzeret
Lev. 23:36; see my article on
Shemini Atzeret.
-
Not to do prohibited labor on Shemini Atzeret
Lev. 23:36; see my article on
Shemini Atzeret.
-
Not to eat chametz on the afternoon of the 14th day of
Nissan
Deut. 16:3; see my article on preparing for
Passover.
-
To destroy all chametz on 14th day of Nissan
Ex. 12:15 ; see my article on preparing for
Passover.
-
Not to eat chametz all seven days of Passover
Ex. 13:3; see my article on preparing for
Passover.
-
Not to eat mixtures containing chametz all seven days of
Passover
Ex. 12:20; see my article on preparing for
Passover.
-
Not to see chametz in your domain seven days
Ex. 13:7; see my article on preparing for
Passover.
-
Not to find chametz in your domain seven days
Ex. 12:19; see my article on preparing for
Passover.
-
To eat matzah on the first night of Passover
Ex. 12:18; see my article on
Passover.
-
To relate the Exodus from Egypt on that night
Ex. 13:8; see my article on
Passover.
-
To hear the Shofar on the first day of Tishrei (Rosh
Hashanah)
Num. 9:1; see my article on
Rosh Hashanah.
-
To dwell in a Sukkah for the seven days of Sukkot
Lev. 23:42; see my article on
Sukkot.
-
To take up a Lulav and Etrog all seven days
Lev. 23:40; see my article on
Sukkot.
-
Each man must give a half shekel annually
Ex. 30:13; no NT requirement.
-
Courts must calculate to determine when a new month begins
Ex. 12:2; no NT requirement.
-
To afflict oneself and cry out before God in times of
calamity
Num. 10:9; James 5:1
-
To marry a wife by means of ketubah and kiddushin
Deut. 22:13; no NT requirement for these rituals
-
Not to have sexual relations with women not thus married
Deut. 23:18; Gal 5:19-20; Eph 5:3; Col 3:5; 1 Thess 4:3;
Jude 1:7, etc.
-
Not to withhold food, clothing, and sexual relations from
your wife
Ex. 21:10; 1 Cor 7:5
-
To have children with one's wife
Gen 1:28; not explicitly commanded in NT
-
To issue a divorce by means of a Get document
Deut. 24:1; divorce is forbidden by Yeshua
-
A man must not remarry his ex-wife after she has married
someone else
Deut. 24:4; Matt. 19:9; Matt. 19:19
-
To perform yibbum (marry the widow of one's childless
brother)
Deut. 25:5; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
To perform halizah (free the widow of one's childless
brother from yibbum)
Deut. 25:9; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
The widow must not remarry until the ties with her
brother-in-law are removed (by halizah)
Deut. 25:5; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
The court must fine one who sexually seduces a maiden
Ex. 22:15-16; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
The rapist must marry the maiden (if she chooses)
Deut. 22:29; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
He is never allowed to divorce her
Deut. 22:29; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
The slanderer must remain married to his wife
Deut. 22:19; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
He must not divorce her
Deut. 22:19; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
To fulfill the laws of the Sotah (i.e., putting a
wife on trial for suspected adultery)
Num. 5:30; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
Not to put oil on her meal offering (as usual)
Num. 5:15; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
Not to put frankincense on her meal offering (as usual)
Num. 5:15; not explicitly commanded in the NT
-
Not to have sexual relations with your mother
Lev. 18:7; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your father's wife
Lev. 18:8; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your sister
Lev. 18:9; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your father's wife's
daughter
Lev. 18:11; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your son's daughter
Lev. 18:10; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your daughter
Lev. 18:6 Lev. 18:10; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20;
etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your daughter's daughter
Lev. 18:10; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with a woman and her daughter
Lev. 18:17; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with a woman and her son's
daughter
Lev. 18:17; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with a woman and her daughter's
daughter
Lev. 18:17; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your father's sister
Lev. 18:12; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your mother's sister
Lev. 18:13; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your father's brother's
wife
Lev. 18:14; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your son's wife
Lev. 18:15; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your brother's wife
Lev. 18:16; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with your wife's sister
Lev. 18:18; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
A man must not have sexual relations with an animal
Lev. 18:23; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
A woman must not have sexual relations with an inanimate
object
Lev. 18:23; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have homosexual sexual relations
Lev. 18:22; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26-32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have homosexual sexual relations with your father
Lev. 18:7; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have homosexual sexual relations with your father's
brother
Lev. 18:14; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with someone else's wife
Lev. 18:20; Matt 15:19; Rom 1:26- 32; Gal 5:19-20; etc.
-
Not to have sexual relations with a menstrually impure woman
Lev. 18:19; no explicit NT reference to the laws of niddah
-
Not to marry non-Jews
Deut. 7:3; 2 Cor. 6:14
-
Not to let Moabite and Ammonite males marry into the Jewish
people
Deut. 23:4; 2 Cor. 6:14
-
Not to prevent a third-generation Egyptian convert from
marrying into the Jewish people
Deut. 23:8-9; 2 Cor. 6:14
-
Not to refrain from marrying a third generation Edomite
convert
Deut. 23:8-9; 2 Cor. 6:14
-
Not to let a mamzer (a child born due to an illegal
relationship) marry into the Jewish people
Deut. 23:3; not forbidden in the NT
-
Not to let a eunuch marry into the Jewish people
Deut. 23:2; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
Not to offer to God any castrated male animals
Lev. 22:24; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
The High Priest must not marry a widow
Lev. 21:14; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
The High Priest must not have sexual relations with a widow
even outside of marriage
Lev. 21:15; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
The High Priest must marry a virgin maiden
Lev. 21:13; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
A Kohen (priest) must not marry a divorcee
Lev. 21:7; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
A Kohen must not marry a zonah (a woman who has had a
forbidden sexual relationship)
Lev. 21:7; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
A priest must not marry a chalalah ("a desecrated person")
(party to or product of 169-172)
Lev. 21:7; not explicitly forbidden in the NT
-
Not to make pleasurable (sexual) contact with any forbidden
woman
Lev. 18:6; 1 Cor 7:1
-
To examine the signs of animals to distinguish between
kosher and non-kosher
Lev. 11:2; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
To examine the signs of fowl to distinguish between kosher
and non-kosher
Deut. 14:11; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
To examine the signs of fish to distinguish between kosher
and non-kosher
Lev. 11:9; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
To examine the signs of locusts to distinguish between
kosher and non-kosher
Lev. 11:21; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat non-kosher animals
Lev. 11:4; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat non-kosher fowl
Lev. 11:13; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat non-kosher fish
Lev. 11:11; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat non-kosher flying insects
Deut. 14:19; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat non-kosher creatures that crawl on land
Lev. 11:41; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat non-kosher maggots
Lev. 11:44; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat worms found in fruit on the ground
Lev. 11:42; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat creatures that live in water other than (kosher)
fish
Lev. 11:43; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat the meat of an animal that died without ritual
slaughter
Deut. 14:21; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to benefit from an ox condemned to be stoned
Ex. 21:28; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat meat of an animal that was mortally wounded
Ex. 22:30; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat a limb torn off a living creature
Lev 17:15; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19; though see Acts 15:20,9
-
Not to eat blood
Lev. 3:17; Acts 15:20,9
-
Not to eat certain fats of clean animals
Lev. 3:17; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat the sinew of the thigh
Gen. 32:33; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19
-
Not to eat meat and milk cooked together
Ex. 23:19; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19; also PLEASE READ Gen 18:8
to show this is NOT a valid Torah commandment.
-
Not to cook meat and milk together
Ex. 34:26; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19; also PLEASE READ Gen 18:8
to show this is NOT a valid Torah commandment.
-
Not to eat bread from new grain before the Omer
Lev. 23:14; no explicit NT commandment (see my article on
sefirat haOmer)
-
Not to eat parched grains from new grain before the Omer
Lev. 23:14; no explicit NT commandment (see my article on
sefirat haOmer)
-
Not to eat ripened grains from new grain before the Omer
Lev. 23:14; no explicit NT commandment (see my article on
sefirat haOmer)
-
Not to eat fruit of a tree during its first three years
Lev. 19:23; no explicit NT commandment
-
Not to eat diverse seeds planted in a vineyard
Deut. 22:9; no explicit NT commandment
-
Not to eat untithed fruits
Lev. 22:15; no explicit NT commandment
-
Not to drink wine poured in service to idols
Deut. 32:38; 1 Cor. 8
-
To ritually slaughter an animal before eating it
Deut. 12:21; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19.
-
Not to slaughter an animal and its offspring on the same day
Lev. 22:28; in NT, kashrut law is no longer binding: Acts
10:9-15; Matt 5:17-18; Mark 7:19.
-
To cover the blood (of a slaughtered beast or fowl) with
earth
Lev. 17:13; no explicit NT commandment
-
Not to take the mother bird from her children
Deut. 22:6; no explicit NT commandment, though the principle
of showing compassion to living creatures is
-
To release the mother bird if she was taken from the nest
Deut. 22:7; no explicit NT commandment
-
Not to swear falsely in God's Name
Lev. 19:12; denied in NT: Matt 5:34-7
-
Not to take God's Name in vain
Ex. 20:7; Matt 5:34-7
-
Not to deny possession of something entrusted to you
Lev. 19:11; 1 John 1:6
-
Not to swear in denial of a monetary claim
Lev. 19:11; Matt 5:34-6
-
To swear in God's Name to confirm the truth when deemed
necessary by court
Deut. 10:20; denied in NT: Matt 5:34-7
-
To fulfill what was uttered and to do what was avowed
Deut. 23:24; denied in NT: Matt 5:34-7
-
Not to break oaths or vows
Num. 30:3; denied in NT: Matt 5:34-7
-
For oaths and vows annulled, there are the laws of annulling
vows explicit in the Torah
Num. 30:3; denied in NT: Matt 5:34-7
-
The Nazir (Nazirite) must let his hair grow
Num. 6:5; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not cut his hair
Num. 6:5; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not drink wine, wine mixtures, or wine vinegar
Num. 6:3; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not eat fresh grapes
Num. 6:3; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not eat raisins
Num. 6:3; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not eat grape seeds
Num. 6:4; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not eat grape skins
Num. 6:4; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not be under the same roof as a corpse
Num. 6:6; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must not come into contact with the dead
Num. 6:7; no explicit NT commandment (though see Acts 18:18)
-
He must shave his head after bringing sacrifices upon
completion of his
Nazirite period
Num. 6:9; Acts 18:18
-
To estimate the value of people as determined by the Torah
Lev. 27:2; no NT command
-
To estimate the value of consecrated animals
Lev. 27:12-13; no NT command
-
To estimate the value of consecrated houses
Lev. 27:14; no NT command
-
To estimate the value of consecrated fields
Lev. 27:16; no NT command
-
Carry out the laws of interdicting possessions (cherem)
Lev. 27:28; Luke 9:54
-
Not to sell the cherem
Lev. 27:28; Luke 9:54
-
Not to redeem the cherem
Lev. 27:28; Luke 9:54
-
Not to plant diverse seeds together
Lev. 19:19; no NT command
-
Not to plant grains or greens in a vineyard
Deut. 22:9; no NT command
-
Not to crossbreed animals
Lev. 19:19; no NT command
-
Not to work different animals together
Deut. 22:10; no NT command
-
Not to wear shatnez, a cloth woven of wool and linen
Deut. 22:11; no NT command
-
To leave a corner of the field uncut for the poor
Lev. 19:10; no NT command
-
Not to reap the corner of every field
Lev. 19:9; no NT command
-
To leave gleanings
Lev. 19:9; no NT command
-
Not to gather the gleanings
Lev. 19:9; no NT command
-
To leave the gleanings of a vineyard
Lev. 19:10; no NT command
-
Not to gather the gleanings of a vineyard
Lev. 19:10; no NT command
-
To leave the unformed clusters of grapes
Lev. 19:10; no NT command
-
Not to pick the unformed clusters of grapes
Lev. 19:10; no NT command
-
To leave the forgotten sheaves in the field
Deut. 24:19; no NT command
-
Not to retrieve them
Deut. 24:19; no NT command
-
To separate the "tithe for the poor"
Deut. 14:28; Rom 15:26, 2 Cor 9:9, Gal 2:10
-
To give charity
Deut. 15:8; Rom 15:26, 2 Cor 9:9, Gal 2:10
-
Not to withhold charity from the poor
Deut. 15:7; Rom 15:26, 2 Cor 9:9, Gal 2:10
-
To set aside Terumah Gedolah (gift for the Kohen)
Deut. 18:4; no explicit NT command (Heb 8:6; Heb 13:10)
-
The Levite must set aside a tenth of his tithe
Num. 18:26; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to preface one tithe to the next, but separate them in
their proper order
Ex. 22:28; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A non-Kohen must not eat Terumah
Lev. 22:10; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A hired worker or a Jewish bondsman of a Kohen must not eat
Terumah
Lev. 22:10; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
An uncircumcised Kohen must not eat Terumah
Ex. 12:48; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
An impure Kohen must not eat Terumah
Lev. 22:4; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A chalalah must not eat Terumah
Lev. 22:12; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To set aside ma'aser (tithe) each planting year and
give it to a Levite
Num. 18:24; no explicit NT command (Heb 8:6; Heb 13:10)
-
To set aside the second tithe (ma'aser Sheni)
Deut. 14:22; no explicit NT command (Heb 8:6; Heb 13:10)
-
Not to spend its redemption money on anything but food,
drink, or ointment
Deut. 26:14; no explicit NT command (Heb 8:6; Heb 13:10)
-
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni while impure
Deut. 26:14; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
A mourner on the first day after death must not eat Ma'aser
Sheni
Deut. 26:14; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni grains outside Jerusalem
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni wine products outside Jerusalem
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to eat Ma'aser Sheni oil outside Jerusalem
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
The fourth year crops must be totally for holy purposes like
Ma'aser Sheni
Lev. 19:24; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To read the confession of tithes every fourth and seventh
year
Deut. 26:13; no explicit NT command (Heb 8:6; Heb 13:10)
-
To set aside the first fruits and bring them to the Temple
Ex. 23:19; 1 Cor. 15:20-23; James 1:8; Rev. 14:4; the actual
first fruits offering is no longer applicable (Heb 8:6; Heb
10:10; Heb 13:10)
-
The Kohanim must not eat the first fruits outside Jerusalem
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To read the Torah portion pertaining to their presentation
Deut. 26:5; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10)
-
To set aside a portion of dough for a Kohen
Num. 15:20; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10)
-
To give the shoulder, two cheeks, and stomach of slaughtered
animals to a Kohen
Deut. 18:3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 13:10)
-
To give the first shearing of sheep to a Kohen
Deut. 18:4; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To redeem firstborn sons and give the money to a Kohen
Num. 18:15; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To redeem the firstborn donkey by giving a lamb to a Kohen
Ex. 13:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To break the neck of the donkey if the owner does not intend
to redeem it
Ex. 13:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To rest the land during the seventh year by not doing any
work which enhances growth
Ex. 34:21; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to work the land during the seventh year
Lev. 25:4; no NT command
-
Not to work with trees to produce fruit during that year
Lev. 25:4; no NT command
-
Not to reap crops that grow wild that year in the normal
manner
Lev. 25:5; no NT command
-
Not to gather grapes which grow wild that year in the normal
way
Lev. 25:5; no NT command
-
To leave free all produce which grew in that year
Ex. 23:11; no NT command
-
To release all loans during the seventh year
Deut. 15:2; no NT command
-
Not to pressure or claim from the borrower
Deut. 15:2; Matt 5:42
-
Not to refrain from lending immediately before the release
of the loans for fear of monetary loss
Deut. 15:9; Matt 5:42
-
The Sanhedrin must count seven groups of seven years
Lev. 25:8; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Sanhedrin must sanctify the fiftieth year
Lev. 25:10; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To blow the Shofar on the tenth of Tishrei to free the
slaves
Lev. 25:9; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Gal 3:28)
-
Not to work the soil during the fiftieth year (Jubilee)
Lev. 25:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to reap in the normal manner that which grows wild in
the fiftieth year
Lev. 25:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to pick grapes which grew wild in the normal manner in
the fiftieth year
Lev. 25:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Carry out the laws of sold family properties
Lev. 25:24; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to sell the land in Israel indefinitely
Lev. 25:23; n/a
-
Carry out the laws of houses in walled cities
Lev. 25:29; n/a
-
The Tribe of Levi must not be given a portion of the land in
Israel, rather they are given cities to dwell in Deut. 18:1
-
The Levites must not take a share in the spoils of war
Deut. 18:1; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To give the Levites cities to inhabit and their surrounding
fields
Num. 35:2; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to sell the fields but they shall remain the Levites'
before and after the Jubilee year
Lev. 25:34; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To build a Temple.
Ex. 25:8; 1 Cor. 3:16f; 6:19; 8:10; 9:13; 2 Cor. 6:16; Eph.
2:21; 2 Thess. 2:4; Rev. 3:12; 7:15; 11:1f, 19; 14:15, 17;
15:5f, 8; 16:1, 17; 21:22
-
Not to build the altar with stones hewn by metal
Ex. 20:23; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to climb steps to the altar
Ex. 20:26; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To show reverence to the Temple
Lev. 19:30; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To guard the Temple area
Num. 18:2; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to leave the Temple unguarded
Num. 18:5; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To prepare the anointing oil
Ex. 30:31; James 5:14
-
Not to reproduce the anointing oil
Ex. 30:32; James 5:14
-
Not to anoint with anointing oil
Ex. 30:32; James 5:14
-
Not to reproduce the incense formula
Ex. 30:37; no NT command
-
Not to burn anything on the Golden Altar besides incense
Ex. 30:9; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Levites must transport the ark on their shoulders
Num. 7:9; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to remove the staves from the ark
Ex. 25:15; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Levites must work in the Temple
Num. 18:23; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
No Levite must do another's work of either a Kohen or a
Levite
Num. 18:3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To dedicate the Kohen for service
Lev. 21:8; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The work of the Kohanim's shifts must be equal during
holidays
Deut. 18:6-8; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
The Kohanim must wear their priestly garments during service
Ex. 28:2; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
Not to tear the priestly garments
Ex. 28:32; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
The Kohen Gadol 's breastplate must not be loosened from the
Efod
Ex. 28:28; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
A Kohen must not enter the Temple intoxicated
Lev. 10:9; Eph 5:18
-
A Kohen must not enter the Temple with long hair
Lev. 10:6; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
A Kohen must not enter the Temple with torn clothes
Lev. 10:6; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
A Kohen must not enter the Temple indiscriminately
Lev. 16:2; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
A Kohen must not leave the Temple during service
Lev. 10:7; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Rev. 6:11; 7:9, 13f)
-
To send the impure from the Temple
Num. 5:2; Matt 21:12; Rev 22:15
-
Impure people must not enter the Temple
Num. 5:3; Matt 21:12; Rev 22:15
-
Impure people must not enter the Temple Mount area
Deut. 23:11; Matt 21:12; Rev 22:15
-
Impure Kohanim must not do service in the temple
Lev. 22:2; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
An impure Kohen, following immersion, must wait until after
sundown before returning to service
Lev. 22:7; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A Kohen must wash his hands and feet before service
Ex. 30:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A Kohen with a physical blemish must not enter the sanctuary
or approach the altar
Lev. 21:23; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A Kohen with a physical blemish must not serve
Lev. 21:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A Kohen with a temporary blemish must not serve
Lev. 21:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
One who is not a Kohen must not serve
Num. 18:4; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To offer only unblemished animals
Lev. 22:21; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to dedicate a blemished animal for the altar
Lev. 22:20; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to slaughter it
Lev. 22:22; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to sprinkle its blood
Lev. 22:24; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to burn its fat
Lev. 22:22; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to offer a temporarily blemished animal
Deut. 17:1; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to sacrifice blemished animals even if offered by
non-Jews
Lev. 22:25; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to inflict wounds upon dedicated animals
Lev. 22:21; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To redeem dedicated animals which have become disqualified
Deut. 12:15; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To offer only animals which are at least eight days old
Lev. 22:27; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to offer animals bought with the wages of a harlot or
the animal exchanged for a dog
Deut. 23:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to burn honey or yeast on the altar
Lev. 2:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To salt all sacrifices
Lev. 2:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
but see Matt. 5:13; Mark 9:49f; Luke 14:34; Col. 4:6; Jam.
3:12)
-
Not to omit the salt from sacrifices
Lev. 2:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
but see Matt. 5:13; Mark 9:49f; Luke 14:34; Col. 4:6; Jam.
3:12)
-
Carry out the procedure of the burnt offering as prescribed
in the Torah
Lev. 1:3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat its meat
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Carry out the procedure of the sin offering
Lev. 6:18; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat the meat of the inner sin offering
Lev. 6:23; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to decapitate a fowl brought as a sin offering
Lev. 5:8; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Carry out the procedure of the guilt offering
Lev. 7:1; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Kohanim must eat the sacrificial meat in the Temple
Ex. 29:33; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Kohanim must not eat the meat outside the Temple
courtyard
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
A non-Kohen must not eat sacrificial meat
Ex. 29:33; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To follow the procedure of the peace offering
Lev. 7:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat the meat of minor sacrifices before sprinkling
the blood
Deut. 12:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To bring meal offerings as prescribed in the Torah
Lev. 2:1; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to put oil on the meal offerings of wrongdoers
Lev. 5:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to put frankincense on the meal offerings of wrongdoers
Lev. 3:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat the meal offering of the High Priest
Lev. 6:16; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to bake a meal offering as leavened bread
Lev. 6:10; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Kohanim must eat the remains of the meal offerings
Lev. 6:9; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring all avowed and freewill offerings to the Temple on
the first subsequent festival
Deut. 12:5-6; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to withhold payment incurred by any vow
Deut. 23:22; Matt 5:34-36
-
To offer all sacrifices in the Temple
Deut. 12:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To bring all sacrifices from outside Israel to the Temple
Deut. 12:26; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to slaughter sacrifices outside the courtyard
Lev. 17:4; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to offer any sacrifices outside the courtyard
Deut. 12:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To offer two lambs every day
Num. 28:3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To light a fire on the altar every day
Lev. 6:6; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to extinguish this fire
Lev. 6:6; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To remove the ashes from the altar every day
Lev. 6:3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To burn incense every day
Ex. 30:7; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To light the Menorah every day
Ex. 27:21; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Matt 5:16)
-
The Kohen Gadol ("High Priest") must bring a meal offering
every day
Lev. 6:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring two additional lambs as burnt offerings on Shabbat
Num 28:9; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To make the show bread
Ex. 25:30; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring additional offerings on Rosh Chodesh ("The New
Month")
Num. 28:11; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9;
Gal 4:10-11)
-
To bring additional offerings on Passover
Num. 28:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To offer the wave offering from the meal of the new wheat
Lev. 23:10; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Each man must count the Omer - seven weeks from the day the
new wheat offering was brought
Lev. 23:15; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring additional offerings on Shavuot
Num. 28:26; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring two leaves to accompany the above sacrifice
Lev. 23:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring additional offerings on Rosh Hashana
Num. 29:2; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring additional offerings on Yom Kippur
Num. 29:8; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring additional offerings on Sukkot
Num. 29:13; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To bring additional offerings on Shmini Atzeret
Num. 29:35; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat sacrifices which have become unfit or blemished
Deut. 14.3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat from sacrifices offered with improper intentions
Lev. 7:18; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to leave sacrifices past the time allowed for eating
them
Lev. 22:30; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat from that which was left over
Lev. 19:8; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat from sacrifices which became impure
Lev. 7:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
An impure person must not eat from sacrifices
Lev. 7:20; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To burn the leftover sacrifices
Lev. 7:17; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To burn all impure sacrifices
Lev. 7:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To follow the procedure of Yom Kippur in the sequence
prescribed in Parshah Acharei Mot ("After the death of
Aaron's sons...")
Lev. 16:3; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
One who profaned property must repay what he profaned plus a
fifth and bring a sacrifice
Lev. 5:16; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to work consecrated animals
Deut. 15:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
Not to shear the fleece of consecrated animals
Deut. 15:19; n/a (Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet
2:5,9)
-
To slaughter the paschal sacrifice at the specified time
Ex. 12:6; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to slaughter it while in possession of leaven
Ex. 23:18; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to leave the fat overnight
Ex. 23:18; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
To slaughter the second Paschal Lamb (if the first Passover
is missed)
Num. 9:11; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
To eat the Passover with matzah and marror on the night of
the fourteenth of Nisan
Ex. 12:8; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
To eat the second Paschal Lamb on the night of the 15th of
Iyar
Num. 9:11; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to eat the paschal meat raw or boiled
Ex. 12:9; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to take the paschal meat from the confines of the group
Ex. 12:46; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
A foreigner must not eat from it
Ex. 12:43; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
A permanent or temporary hired worker must not eat from it
Ex. 12:45; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
An uncircumcised male must not eat from it
Ex. 12:48; n/a (Rom 2:29; 1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10;
Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to break any bones from the paschal offering
Ex. 12:46; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to break any bones from the second paschal offering
Num. 9:12; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to leave any meat from the paschal offering over until
morning
Ex. 12:10; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to leave the second paschal meat over until morning
Num. 9:12; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10; 1
Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to leave the meat of the holiday offering of the 14th
until the 16th
Deut. 16:4; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb 13:10;
1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To be seen at the Temple on Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot
Deut. 16:16; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To celebrate on these three Festivals (bring a peace
offering)
Ex. 23:14; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10:10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To rejoice on these three Festivals (bring a peace offering)
Deut. 16:14; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to appear at the Temple without offerings
Deut. 16:16; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to refrain from rejoicing with, and giving gifts to, the
Levites
Deut. 12:19; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To assemble all the people on the Sukkot following the
seventh year
Deut. 31:12; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
To set aside the firstborn animals
Ex. 13:12; no NT command
-
The Kohanim must not eat unblemished firstborn animals
outside Jerusalem
Deut. 12:17; no NT command
-
Not to redeem the firstborn
Num. 18:17; no NT command
-
Separate the tithe from animals
Lev. 27:32; no NT command
-
Not to redeem the tithe
Lev. 27:33; no NT command
-
Every person must bring a sin offering (in the temple) for
his transgression
Lev. 4:27; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Bring an asham talui (temple offering) when uncertain
of guilt
Lev. 5:17-18; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Bring an asham vadai (temple offering) when guilt is
ascertained
Lev. 5:25; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Bring an oleh v'yored (temple offering) offering (if
the person is wealthy, an animal; if poor, a bird or meal
offering)
Lev. 5:7-11; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The Sanhedrin must bring an offering (in the Temple) when it
rules in error
Lev. 4:13; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A woman who had a running (vaginal) issue must bring an
offering (in the Temple) after she goes to the Mikveh
Lev. 15:28-29; no NT command; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb
8:6; Heb 10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A woman who gave birth must bring an offering (in the
Temple) after she goes to the Mikveh
Lev. 12:6; Luke 2:20-24; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb
10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
A man who had a running (unnatural urinary) issue must bring
an offering (in the Temple) after he goes to the Mikveh
Lev. 15:13-14; no NT command
-
A metzora must bring an offering (in the Temple)
after going to the Mikveh
Lev. 14:10; no NT command
-
Not to substitute another beast for one set apart for
sacrifice
Lev. 27:10; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The new animal, in addition to the substituted one, retains
consecration
Lev. 27:10; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Not to change consecrated animals from one type of offering
to another
Lev. 27:26; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Carry out the laws of impurity of the dead
Num. 19:14; no NT command
-
Carry out the procedure of the Red Heifer (Para Aduma)
Num. 19:2; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Carry out the laws of the sprinkling water
Num. 19:21; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Rule the laws of human tzara'at as prescribed in the
Torah
Lev. 13:12; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The metzora must not remove his signs of impurity
Deut. 24:8; no NT command
-
The metzora must not shave signs of impurity in his
hair
Lev. 13:33; no NT command
-
The metzora must publicize his condition by tearing his
garments, allowing his hair to grow and covering his lips
Lev. 13:45; no NT command
-
Carry out the prescribed rules for purifying the metzora
Lev. 14:2; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The metzora must shave off all his hair prior to
purification
Lev. 14:9; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Carry out the laws of tzara'at of clothing
Lev. 13:47; no NT command
-
Carry out the laws of tzara'at of houses
Lev. 13:34; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of menstrual impurity
Lev. 15:19; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity caused by childbirth
Lev. 12:2; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity caused by a woman's running
issue
Lev. 15:25; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity caused by a man's running issue
(irregular ejaculation of infected semen)
Lev. 15:3; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity caused by a dead beast
Lev. 11:39; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity caused by the eight shratzim
(insects)
Lev. 11:29; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity of a seminal emission (regular
ejaculation, with normal semen)
Lev. 15:16; no NT command
-
Observe the laws of impurity concerning liquid and solid
foods
Lev. 11:34; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
Every impure person must immerse himself in a Mikveh to
become pure
Lev. 15:16; n/a (John 15:3; 1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb
10; Heb 13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9)
-
The court must judge the damages incurred by a goring ox
Ex. 21:28; no NT command
-
The court must judge the damages incurred by an animal
eating
Ex. 22:4; no NT command
-
The court must judge the damages incurred by a pit
Ex. 21:33; no NT command
-
The court must judge the damages incurred by fire
Ex. 22:5; no NT command
-
Not to steal money stealthily
Lev. 19:11; Eph 4:28
-
The court must implement punitive measures against the thief
Ex. 21:37; Rom 13:4
-
Each individual must ensure that his scales and weights are
accurate
Lev. 19:36; Rom 13:4
-
Not to commit injustice with scales and weights
Lev. 19:35; Eph 4:28
-
Not to possess inaccurate scales and weights even if they
are not for use
Deut. 25:13; 1 Thess 5:22
-
Not to move a boundary marker to steal someone's property
Deut. 19:14; Eph 4:28
-
Not to kidnap
Ex. 20:13; 1 Tim 1:10
-
Not to rob openly
Lev. 19:13; 1 Tim 1:10; John 10:10; Rom 13:9
-
Not to withhold wages or fail to repay a debt
Lev. 19:13; Rom 13:9
-
Not to covet and scheme to acquire another's possession
Ex. 20:14; Rom 13:9
-
Not to desire another's possession
Deut. 5:18; Rom 13:9
-
Return the robbed object or its value
Lev. 5:23; Rom 13:9
-
Not to ignore a lost object
Deut. 22:3; Rom 13:9
-
Return the lost object
Deut. 22:1; Rom 13:9
-
The court must implement laws against the one who assaults
another or damages another's property
Ex. 21:18; Matt 5:42
-
Not to murder
Ex. 20:13; Rom 13:9; 1 John 3:15
-
Not to accept monetary restitution to atone for the murderer
Num. 35:31; Rom 13:9; 1 John 3:15
-
The court must send the accidental murderer to a city of
refuge
Num. 35:25; no NT command
-
Not to accept monetary restitution instead of being sent to
a city of refuge
Num. 35:32; no NT command
-
Not to kill the murderer before he stands trial
Num. 35:12; no NT command
-
Save someone being pursued even by taking the life of the
pursuer
Deut. 25:12; no NT command
-
Not to pity the pursuer
Num. 35:12; no NT command
-
Not to stand idly by if someone's life is in danger
Lev. 19:16; John 13:34f; 15:12, 17; Rom. 12:10; 13:8; Gal.
5:13; Eph. 4:2; 1 Thess. 3:12; 4:9; Heb. 10:24; 1 Pet. 1:22;
3:8; 1 John 3:11, 23; 4:7, 11f; 2 John 1:5
-
Designate cities of refuge and prepare routes of access
Deut. 19:3; no NT command
-
Break the neck of a calf by the river valley following an
unsolved murder
Deut. 21:4; no NT command
-
Not to work nor plant that river valley
Deut. 21:4; no NT command
-
Not to allow pitfalls and obstacles to remain on your
property
Deut. 22:8; no NT command
-
Make a guard rail around flat roofs
Deut. 22:8; no NT command
-
Not to put a stumbling block before a blind man (nor give
harmful advice)
Lev. 19:14; no NT command (though the principles are there
of course)
-
Help another remove the load from a beast which can no
longer carry it
Ex. 23:5; no NT command (though the principles are there of
course)
-
Help others load their beast
Deut. 22:4; no NT command (though the principles are there
of course)
-
Not to leave others distraught with their burdens (but to
help either load or unload)
Deut. 22:4; no NT command (though the principles are there
of course)
-
Buy and sell according to Torah law
Lev. 25:14; no NT command; 1 Thess. 2:10
-
Not to overcharge or underpay for an article
Lev. 25:14; 1 Thess. 2:10
-
Not to insult or harm anybody with words
Lev. 25:17; Matt. 5:37; Eph. 4:29; Col. 3:8
-
Not to cheat a sincere convert monetarily
Ex. 22:20; 1 Thess. 2:10
-
Not to insult or harm a sincere convert with words
Ex. 22:20; Matt. 5:37; Eph. 4:29; Col. 3:8
-
Purchase a Hebrew slave in accordance with the prescribed
laws
Ex. 21:2; NT does not support slavery: John 8:36; 1 Cor
12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11; Philemon
-
Not to sell him as a slave is sold
Lev. 25:42; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Not to work him oppressively
Lev. 25:43; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Not to allow a non-Jew to work him oppressively
Lev. 25:53; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Not to have him do menial slave labor
Lev. 25:39; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Give him gifts when he goes free
Deut. 15:14; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Not to send him away empty-handed
Deut. 15:13; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Redeem Jewish maidservants
Ex. 21:8; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Betroth the Jewish maidservant
Ex. 21:8; no NT command
-
The master must not sell his maidservant
Ex. 21:8; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Canaanite slaves must work forever unless injured in one of
their limbs
Lev. 25:46; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Not to extradite a slave who fled to (Biblical) Israel
Deut. 23:16; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Not to wrong a slave who has come to Israel for refuge
Deut. 23:16; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
The courts must carry out the laws of a hired worker and
hired guard
Ex. 22:9; John 8:36; 1 Cor 12:13; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11;
Philemon
-
Pay wages on the day they were earned
Deut. 24:15; Matt 5
-
Not to delay payment of wages past the agreed time
Lev. 19:13; Matt 5
-
The hired worker may eat from the unharvested crops where he
works
Deut. 23:25; 1 Cor. 9:9; 1 Tim. 5:18
-
The worker must not eat while on hired time
Deut. 23:26; no NT command
-
The worker must not take more than he can eat
Deut. 23:25; no NT command
-
Not to muzzle an ox while plowing
Deut. 25:4; 1 Cor. 9:9; 1 Tim. 5:18
-
The courts must carry out the laws of a borrower
Ex. 22:13; no NT command
-
The courts must carry out the laws of an unpaid guard
Ex. 22:6; no NT command
-
Lend to the poor and destitute
Ex. 22:24; Matt 5:42; Gal 2:20
-
Not to press them for payment if you know they don't have it
Ex. 22:24; Matt. 6:12; Luke 11:4; 1 John 1:9; Gal 2:20
-
Press the idolater for payment
Deut. 15:3; no NT command
-
The creditor must not forcibly take collateral
Deut. 24:10; Matt. 6:12; Luke 11:4; 1 John 1:9
-
Return the collateral to the debtor when needed
Deut. 24:13; Matt. 6:12; Luke 11:4; 1 John 1:9
-
Not to delay its return when needed
Deut. 24:12; Matt 5:42
-
Not to demand collateral from a widow
Deut. 24:17; Gal 2:20; Matt 5
-
Not to demand as collateral utensils needed for preparing
food
Deut. 24:6; no NT command
-
Not to lend with interest
Lev. 25:37; Matt 5
-
Not to borrow with interest
Deut. 23:20; Matt 5
-
Not to intermediate in an interest loan, guarantee, or write
the promissory note
Ex. 22:24; no NT command
-
Lend to and borrow from idolaters with interest
Deut. 23:21; no NT command
-
The courts must carry out the laws of the plaintiff,
admitter, or denier
Ex. 22:8; no NT command
-
Carry out the laws of the order of inheritance
Num. 27:8; no NT command: Col. 3:24
-
Appoint judges
Deut. 16:18; 1 Cor. 6:1-6
-
Not to appoint judges who are not familiar with judicial
procedure
Deut. 1:17; 1 Cor. 6:1-6
-
Decide by majority in case of disagreement
Ex. 23:2; no NT command
-
The court can execute only by a majority of two
Ex. 23:2; no NT command to execute others
-
A judge who presented an acquittal plea must not present an
argument for conviction in capital cases
Deut. 23:2; no NT command to execute others
-
The courts must carry out the death penalty of stoning
Deut. 22:24; no NT command to execute others
-
The courts must carry out the death penalty of burning
Lev. 20:14; no NT command to execute others
-
The courts must carry out the death penalty of the sword
Ex. 21:20; no NT command to execute others
-
The courts must carry out the death penalty of strangulation
Lev. 20:10; no NT command to execute others
-
The courts must hang those stoned for blasphemy or idolatry
Deut. 21:22; no NT command to execute others
-
Bury the executed on the day they are killed
Deut. 21:23; no NT command to execute others
-
Not to delay burial overnight
Deut. 21:23; no NT command to execute others
-
The court must not let the sorcerer live
Ex. 22:17; no NT command to execute others
-
The court must give lashes to the wrongdoer
Ex. 25:2; no NT command to perform corporal punishment
-
The court must not exceed the prescribed number of lashes
Deut. 25:3; no NT command to perform corporal punishment
-
The court must not kill anybody on circumstantial evidence
Ex. 23:7; no NT command to execute others
-
The court must not punish anybody who was forced to do a
crime
Deut. 22:26; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
A judge must not pity the murderer or assaulter at the trial
Deut. 19:13; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
A judge must not have mercy on the poor man at the trial
Lev. 19:15; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
A judge must not respect the great man at the trial
Lev. 19:15; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
A judge must not decide unjustly the case of the habitual
transgressor
Ex. 23:6; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
A judge must not pervert justice
Lev. 19:15; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
A judge must not pervert a case involving a convert or
orphan
Deut. 24:17; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
Judge righteously
Lev. 19:15; John 7:24
-
The judge must not fear a violent man in judgment
Deut. 1:17; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
Judges must not accept bribes
Ex. 23:8; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
Judges must not accept testimony unless both parties are
present
Ex. 23:1; no NT command to enforce civil laws
-
Not to curse judges
Ex. 22:27; Rom 13:1-5
-
Not to curse the head of state or leader of the Sanhedrin
Ex. 22:27; Rom 13:1-5
-
Not to curse any upstanding Jew
Lev. 19:14; Rom 13:1-5; Phil 2:3
-
Anybody who knows evidence must testify in court
Lev. 5:1; Eph 4:15
-
Carefully interrogate the witness
Deut. 13:15; 1 John 4:1
-
A witness must not serve as a judge in capital crimes
Deut. 19:17; no NT command
-
Not to accept testimony from a lone witness
Deut. 19:15; 1 Tim 5:19
-
Transgressors must not testify
Ex. 23:1; no NT commands to enforce civil laws
-
Relatives of the litigants must not testify
Deut. 24:16; no NT commands to enforce civil laws
-
Not to testify falsely
Ex. 20:13; Col 3:9
-
Punish the false witnesses as they tried to punish the
defendant
Deut. 19:19; Col 3:9
-
Act according to the ruling of the Sanhedrin
Deut. 17:11; NT believers not subject to Sanhedrin
-
Not to deviate from the word of the Sanhedrin
Deut. 17:11; NT believers not subject to Sanhedrin
-
Not to add to the Torah commandments or their oral
explanations
Deut. 13:1; Rev 22:18-19
-
Not to diminish from the Torah any commandments, in whole or
in part
Deut. 13:1; James 2:10
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Not to curse your father and mother
Ex. 21:17; Eph 6:2
-
Not to strike your father and mother
Ex. 21:15; Eph 6:2
-
Respect your father or mother
Ex. 20:12; Eph 6:2
-
Fear your father or mother
Lev. 19:3; Eph 6:2
-
Not to be a rebellious son
Deut. 21:18; Col 3:8-9
-
Mourn for relatives
Lev. 10:19; Mat 9:15; Rom 12:5
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The High Priest must not defile himself for any relative
Lev. 21:11; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9
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The High Priest must not enter under the same roof as a
corpse
Lev. 21:11; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9
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A Kohen must not defile himself (by going to funerals or
cemeteries) for anyone except relatives
Lev. 21:1; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9
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Appoint a king from Israel
Deut. 17:15; Matt. 2:2; 27:11, 29, 37; Mark 15:2, 9, 12, 18,
26; Luke 23:3, 37f; John 18:33, 39; 19:3, 19, 21
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Not to appoint a foreigner
Deut. 17:15; Matt. 2:2; 27:11, 29, 37; Mark 15:2, 9, 12, 18,
26; Luke 23:3, 37f; John 18:33, 39; 19:3, 19, 21
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The king must not have too many wives
Deut. 17:17; Matt. 2:2; 27:11, 29, 37; Mark 15:2, 9, 12, 18,
26; Luke 23:3, 37f; John 18:33, 39; 19:3, 19, 21
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The king must not have too many horses
Deut. 17:16; Matt. 2:2; 27:11, 29, 37; Mark 15:2, 9, 12, 18,
26; Luke 23:3, 37f; John 18:33, 39; 19:3, 19, 21
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The king must not have too much silver and gold
Deut. 17:17; Matt. 2:2; 27:11, 29, 37; Mark 15:2, 9, 12, 18,
26; Luke 23:3, 37f; John 18:33, 39; 19:3, 19, 21
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Destroy the seven Canaanite nations
Deut. 20:17; no NT command: Matt 28:19-20
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Not to let any of them remain alive
Deut. 20:16; no NT command; Matt 28:19-20
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Wipe out the descendants of Amalek
Deut. 25:19; no NT command; Matt 28:19-20
-
Remember what Amalek did to the Jewish people
Deut. 25:17; no NT command; Matt 28:19-20
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Not to forget Amalek's atrocities and ambush on our journey
from Egypt in the desert
Deut. 25:19; no NT command; Matt 28:19-20
-
Not to dwell permanently in Egypt
Deut. 17:16; no NT command
-
Offer peace terms to the inhabitants of a city while holding
siege, and treat them according to the Torah if they accept
the terms
Deut. 20:10; no NT command
-
Not to offer peace to Ammon and Moab while besieging them
Deut. 23:7; no NT command; Matt 28:19-20
-
Not to destroy fruit trees even during the siege
Deut. 20:19; no NT command
-
Prepare latrines outside the camps
Deut. 23:13; no NT command
-
Prepare a shovel for each soldier to dig with
Deut. 23:14; no NT command
-
Appoint a priest to speak with the soldiers during the war
Deut. 20:2; n/a (1 Cor. 5:7; 6:19; Heb 8:6; Heb 10; Heb
13:10; 1 Pet 2:5,9
-
He who has taken a wife, built a new home, or planted a
vineyard is given a year to rejoice with his possessions
Deut. 24:5; no NT command
-
Not to demand from the above any involvement, communal or
military
Deut. 24:5; no NT command
-
Not to panic and retreat during battle
Deut. 20:3; Eph 6:10-17
-
Keep the laws of the captive woman
Deut. 21:11 (In a foreign war, an Israelite could take any
woman as a slave-wife, even if it were against her will. He
would put her through what could be regarded as a period of
ritual abuse. If he later dislikes her, he can grant her
freedom, but cannot sell her to another slave owner.); no NT
command to capture women, shave their heads, etc.
-
Not to sell her into slavery
Deut. 21:14; no NT command to capture women
-
Not to retain her for servitude after having sexual
relations with her
Deut. 21:14; (a man who rapes or engages in consensual sex
with a female slave who is engaged to be married to another
man must sacrifice an animal in the temple in order to be
forgiven. The female slave would be whipped. There is
apparently no punishment or ritual animal killing required
if the female slave were not engaged; men could rape such
slaves with impunity.) There is NO NT command for any of
this.
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A Closing Thought |
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As you know, there are some people
within the Messianic movement (as well as legalistic churches)
who claim that followers of Jesus should become "Torah
Observant." Since Jesus was a Torah-observant Jew, they argue,
and we are called to be His followers, then we ourselves should
become Torah observant, too. As well-meaning as this sounds,
however, this is specious reasoning, based on a variety of
exegetical errors, not the least of which is the confusion
between the idea of Torah and Covenant. Nonetheless, I wonder
if these legalists have ever taken the time to actually read
the list of the Torah's demands -- all 613 of them?
As a reminder, let me list a few of the more difficult
commandments in the Torah of Moses here:
-
Slavery is permissible, and fathers may sell their daughters
(Ex
21:7; Lev. 25:44).
-
You may not contact a woman while she is in her monthly
cycle (Lev.
15:19-24).
-
Homosexuals are to be put to death (Lev.
20:13)
-
You must put someone to death for working on the Sabbath (Exodus
35:2).
-
You cannot leave your homes to work on the Sabbath (Exodus
16:29).
-
You should keep a completely kosher diet (Lev.
11:10).
-
You should not allow anyone with physical blemishes to come
before the altar of the LORD (Lev.
21:16-20).
-
You should never plant two types of crops in the same field
(Lev.
19:19).
-
You should never wear garments that have two types of fabric
(e.g., no cotton/polyester blends) (Deut
22:11).
-
You should publicly execute anyone who curses or blasphemes
(Lev.
24:10-20).
-
You must burn to death those who sleep with their in-laws (Lev.
20:14).
-
You should put to death a rebellious child (Deut
21:18-22).
-
You must pay for (and marry) a virgin you seduced (Exodus
22:16).
-
You must destroy all places of idolatry in the Land (Deut
7:2, 12:2).
-
You are commanded to burn apostate cities and kill all the
inhabitants (Deut
13:15-17) the cherem - including babies and
women.
-
You also must kill all magicians, witches or wizards among
the people (Deut
18:10)
-
You must hang a blasphemer and an idolater (Deut
21:22).
-
In courts of law, you may not take evidence from a woman (Deut
24:17).
-
You must marry your brother's wife when your brother dies
childless (Deut
25:5).
- If you
take a female prisoner of war and seduce her, she will
become a slave with certain rights, and if you later dislike
her, you can grant her freedom, but you cannot sell her to
another slave owner (Deut.
21:11-15).
The point here
is simple: the law code given to ancient Israel was not, and was
never intended to be, an unchanging set of laws that would
determine someone's relationship with God. Those who want to
return to the ethic of ancient Israel perhaps need to be
reminded of Jesus' words in
Matthew 23:15, wherein He warned otherwise well-meaning
people of the dangers of affecting self-righteousness, and they
also might want to reread
Galatians 4:21-5:1 where Paul likens those who advocate
adherence to the law as slaves (i.e., children of Hagar),
but those who hold to the promise of the gift of life through
faith as free (i.e., children of Sarah).
The true
remnant of Israel has always been composed of those whom God
chose as His own, based on His sovereign purposes and love.
Indeed, Yeshua gave us a BETTER WAY to come to God (Heb.
8:16, 12:24). The very word Torah means "teaching"
and has always been a description of our responsibility to the
LORD in light of the covenantal actions He performed on our
behalf (for more information, see
this article). Since God gave up His Son in order for us to
be free from the penalty of sin and death, why should we seek to
go back to a system based on righteous deeds that are grounded
in life apart from the ultimate Tzaddik Himself? "For all
who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is
written, "Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things
written in the Book of the Law, and do them" (Gal.
3:10). If we are justified by faith, chaverim, we are also
sanctified by grace...
Regarding the underlying moral intent of the Torah, we
know that it is indeed "holy, just and good" (Rom
7:12). However, even if we were to limit ourselves to just
the moral aspects of the
Ten Commandments we will quickly realize that we need
serious intervention in order to attain genuine holiness. On the
day of our death, will we trust in our own adherence to the
moral law as our appeal before a perfectly holy and absolutely
righteous God?
Listen to how the apostle Paul, the greatest Torah sage of his
day, put it:
Is the law then contrary to the promises of God?
Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could give life,
then righteousness would indeed be by the law. But the Scripture
imprisoned everything under sin, so that the promise by faith in
Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe. Now before
faith came, we were held captive under the law, imprisoned until
the coming faith would be revealed. So then, the law was our
guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified
by faith. But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a
guardian, for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through
faith (Gal. 3:21-26).
The law of the
LORD is indeed perfect (Psalm 19:7), yet we are fallible and in
need of salvation from the righteous judgment of an utterly holy
God based on our (chronically) sinful condition.
Rule-following behavior is not the same thing as attaining the
righteousness of God imputed to those who, like father Abraham,
believed that God Himself could and would justify the ungodly
based on faith. "For the promise to Abraham and his offspring
that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law
but through the righteousness of faith" (Rom. 4:13).
A lot more could be said on this subject, obviously, and I am
passionate about the glory of God's grace as revealed in the
gift of His Son for us. I am zealous to retain grace as
grace, and not to sneak in extraneous conditions for our
acceptance in the Beloved (Eph 1:6).
Most of us, I am afraid, don't want to be free. It's so much
easier for us to regard ourselves as pleasing to God on the
basis of some litany of rules that we are following. Or perhaps
we are trusting in our participation in various sorts of ritual
acts... But freedom? Nakedness before God? To come to Him
utterly bankrupt, broken and in need, while trusting that His
love covers our sinful condition by clothing us with the very
righteousness of His Son? To no longer need a list of
"do's-and-don'ts" or some liturgy to come before His glorious
presence? To trust that you have direct access to the very Holy
of Holies and can relate to God as His own beloved child? No --
it's too much for most people, and therefore the mad rush to
find some sort of "catch" in the contract, some sort of
loophole, some fine print that obliges us to propitiate an angry
and spiteful god...
Thank the LORD God of Israel for the grace and love of His
Son Jesus! |
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Major Judaic Religious Festivals
| Festival |
Description |
Normally held |
| Jewish year
runs from September to August. |
| Jewish years |
|
|
| Rosh Hashanah |
Jewish New Year, a
ten-day period of repentance leading up to Yom Kippur |
1 Tishri
(September/October) |
| Yom Kippur |
Day of Atonement, a time
when Jews seek forgiveness of those who have been wronged;
also the major fast of the year |
10 Tishri
(September/October) |
| Succoth |
Feast of Tabernacles, a
time when families build and eat in open-air shelters in
commemoration of the temporary desert shelters built by the
Israelites during their journey to the Promised Land |
15-23 Tishri (October) |
| Simhat Torah |
End of Succoth and the
end of the annual reading of the Torah, which is carried
around the synagogue on this day |
24 Tishri (October) |
| Hanukkah |
Dedication of the Temple,
a time when the eight-branched Hanukkah candle is lit
commemorating the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem in
the 2nd century bc,
when the Temple lamp miraculously stayed alight for eight
days, even though there was only enough oil to last one day |
25 Kislev-3 Tebet
(November/December) |
| Purim |
Celebration of the story
of Esther who saved her people from destruction at the hands
of Haman; the congregation dress in unusual clothes for the
synagogue service and boo when Haman's name is read out from
the scrolls of Esther |
14 Adar (March) |
| Pesach |
Passover, celebrating
God's deliverance of the Israelites from captivity in Egypt;
families gather for the first evening of the festival to
share the Seder meal, which recalls in words and symbols the
departure of the Israelites from Egypt |
15-22 Nisan (April) |
| Shabuoth |
Also known as the
Pentecost or the Feast of Weeks, this is both a harvest
festival and a thanksgiving for the gift of Torah to Moses
on Mount Sinai |
6-7 Sivan (May/June) |
| Tishah B'Av |
This date recalls the
disasters that have befallen the Jewish people, including
the destruction of the first and second temples in
Jerusalem; it is also a time to mourn the events of the
Holocaust |
9 Av (July/August) |
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